Chapter 19.1

Question 1

Variation among living organisms is not restricted solely to physical appearance

Answer 1

metabolism
fertility
mode of reproduction
behaviour

Question 2

source of genetic variation is:

Answer 2

sexual reproduction

Question 3

Certain genotypes may be better equipped than others for surival.

Answer 3

Through sexual reproduction, the genes for these variations are passed on to offsrping

Question 4

Over time there is an…

Answer 4

increased frequency of these genotypes due to an increased ability to survive - changes of genetic makeup of populations - responsible for biological diversity

Question 5

study of human genetics poses some problems

Answer 5

1. few offspring
2. observing future generations takes a great deal of time
3. many human traits are also affected by environmental factors

Question 6

Population sampling

Answer 6

select a small group of individuals - trends and frequencies displayed by the selected group are used as indicators for the entire population

Question 7

Gene pool

Answer 7

All genes (all alleles) that exist in a population

Question 8

populations are characterized by two competing factors

Answer 8

1. tendency to remain stable
2. tendency toward variability

Question 9

Hardy Weinberg principle

Answer 9

predicts that if five conditions are met, the gene pool will have the same composition generation after generation

Question 10

5 conditions for hardy weinberg equillibrium

Answer 10

1. large population
2. no mutation
3. no migration
4. random mating
5. no natural selection

Question 11

stability in a gene pool

Answer 11

genetic equilibrium