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Biology > Chapter 19 Systematic and Phylogeny > Flashcards

Chapter 19 Systematic and Phylogeny Flashcards

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0
Q

What is the correct order of the hierarchy of classification??

A 
Domain 
kingdom 
phylum 
class 
order 
family 
genus
 species
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1
Q

What is Taxonomy?

A

The science of classifying in naming organisms according to certain guidelines

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2
Q

What is a species??

A

A group of potential inter-breeding organisms

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3
Q

What are the three domains?

A

Archaea

Bacteria

Eukarya

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4
Q

What are the five rules for correctly writing a binomial name?

A
  1. Genus species
  2. Genus is a noun species is an adjective
  3. Names are Latinized
  4. Capitalize the letter of the genus, lower case on species
  5. Either underlined or italicized
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5
Q

What is a Phylogeny??

A

The environmental relationships between organisms.

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6
Q

What is systematic?

A

A branch of science whose goals are to establish phylogenies of a group of organisms, And to classify them according to their phylogeny.

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7
Q

What is a Phylogenetic Trees??

A

Branching diagrams indicating common ancestors and line of dissent.

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8
Q

What are characters??

A

Any shared features

Examples anatomy-psychology behaviors- Ecology- embryos- molecular

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9
Q

What is the difference between primitive characters and derived characters?

A

Primitive characteristics are found on the common ancestors and all lines of dissent
And derived found only on certain lines of decision

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10
Q

What is comparative morphology?

A

Refining form

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11
Q

What are homologous structures? What are some examples?

A

Structures that are similar due to a common evolutionary origin

Example bird wing and human arm

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12
Q

What are analogous structures?

What is an example?

A

Have the same function but not necessarily a recent common ancestor.

Example Bird wing and bee wing

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13
Q

Can a structured be both homologous and analogous?

A

Yes

Ex. Bird wing and bat wing

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14
Q

What is a vestigial structure?

What are some examples?

A

Were functional in an ancestor but reduced in size and now nonfunctional in descendent.

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15
Q

What is a fossil?

A

Remnant of past life, some 10,000 years old

16
Q

What is traditional systematics??

A

Considers both homologous and analogous structures

17
Q

What is cladistics??

A

Considers only homologous structures.

18
Q

What is numerical taxonomy?

A

Uses mathematical formula to calculate Relatedness

19
Q

What are five criteria for placing organisms in domain/kingdom?

A 
1. Prokaryotic or eukaryotic
    (No true nucleus) (True nucleus)
2. Single cell or multicellular
3. Motile or non-Motile
   (Can move) ( non movement) 
4. Sexual or asexual reproduction
5. Mode of nutrition
    a. Autotrophs 
    b. heterotrophs
20
Q

What is the difference between a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic cell??

A

Prokaryotic cells have no true nucleus. Eukaryotic have a true nucleus

21
Q

What is the definition of an autotroph?

A

Organism that produces their own food

22
Q

What is the definition of a heterotroph? What are the two ways an organism get its nutrients if it is a heterotroph?

A

Must take in preformed organisms foods by absorption or ingestion

23
Q

For the domain bacteria and Archaea, are they prokaryotic or eukaryotic, unicellular or multicellular, Motil or nonmodal, sexual or asexual, autotroph or heterotroph?

A
  1. Prokaryotic
  2. Single celled
  3. Motel/nonmotal
  4. Asexual
  5. Autotroph/heterotrophs
24
Q

Are members of the kingdom Protista, are they prokaryotic or eukaryotic, unicellular or multicellular, Motil or nonmodal, sexual or asexual, autotroph or heterotroph?

A
  1. Eukaryotic
  2. Single celled
  3. Motal/ nonmotal
  4. Asexual/sexual
  5. Autotroph/heterotrophs
25
Q

Are the members of the kingdom fungi, are they prokaryotic or eukaryotic, unicellular or multicellular, Motil or nonmodal, sexual or asexual, autotroph or heterotroph?

A
  1. Eukaryotic
  2. Multicellular*
  3. Nonmotal
  4. Asexual/sexual
  5. Heterotrophs by absorption
26
Q

Are the members of the kingdom plantar, are they prokaryotic or eukaryotic, unicellular or multicellular, Motil or nonmodal, sexual or asexual, autotroph or heterotroph?

A
  1. Eukaryotic
  2. Multicellular
  3. Nonmotal
  4. Asexual/sexual
  5. Autotrophs
27
Q

Are the members of the kingdom Animalia, are they prokaryotic or eukaryotic, unicellular or multicellular, Motil or nonmodal, sexual or asexual, autotroph or heterotroph?

A
  1. Eukaryotic
  2. Multi cell
  3. Motal
  4. Sexual
  5. Heterotrophs by ingestion

Biology (3 decks)

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