Chapter 19: Patterns of Chromosome Inheritance

Question 1

How many chromosome do body cells contain? is it diploid or haploid?

Answer 1

46 chromsomes (23 pairs) it be diploid

Question 2

The sex cells contain how many chromosomes, and is it a diploid or haploid?

Answer 2

23 chromsomes and it be haploid.

Question 3

what is a photograph of chromosomes called?

Answer 3

karyotype

Question 4

What is amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling?

Answer 4

to detect genetic abnormalities in the fetus

Question 5

NAME THE TWO PARTS OF THE CELL CYCLE:

Answer 5

interphase and mitosis

Question 6

What are the 3 stages of interphase and when does DNA replication occur?

Answer 6

G1 phase, S phase, abd G2 phase. Dna replication occurs during S phase.

Question 7

What are the stages of mitosis in order?

Answer 7

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase.

Question 8

What happens during prophase?

Answer 8

Nuclear membrane disappears/breaks down, the DNA condenses, and spindle fiber forms

Question 9

What happens during metaphase?

Answer 9

Chromsomes line up in the center

Question 10

What happens during anaphase?

Answer 10

Chromosomes pull apart

Question 11

What happens during telophase?

Answer 11

Cleavage furrow forms and reappearance of the nuclear membrane.

Question 12

What is cytokineses:

Answer 12

division of the cytoplasm

Question 13

Chromsomes contain both ___ and ___

Answer 13

DNA and protein

Question 14

Sister chromatids are held together by the what?

Answer 14

centomere

Question 15

What type of cell division is a reduction division and what does this division result in?

Answer 15

meiosis for the formation of gametes. results in GENETICALLY DIFFERENT haploid cells (sperm and egg)

Question 16

What type of cell division is duplication division and what does it result in?

Answer 16

Mitosis for growth and repair cells. Results in GENETICALLY IDENTICAL diploid cells. (body cells)

Question 17

When does crossing over occur and what is the purpose of this stage?

Answer 17

It occurs during prophase 1 of meiosis, it increases genetic variation

Question 18

Spermatogeneis and oogenesis are both ____ division known as:

Answer 18

reduction divisions known as meiosis.

Question 19

Define Nondisjunction:

Answer 19

failure of chromosomes to separate normally during cell division that results in abnormal distribution of chromosomes

Question 20

Monsomy:

Answer 20

one copy of a chromosome like in Turner syndrome XO

Question 21

Trisomy:

Answer 21

cell has 3 copies of a chromosome like in down syndrome/ trisomy 21