Chapter 22- DNA Bio

Question 1

What are the possible genotypes for colorblindness?

Answer 1

XBXB: normal vision in females. XBXb: normal vision in females (carrier). XBY: normal vision in males. XbY: colorblind male.

Question 2

What is the central dogma?

Answer 2

DNA to RNA to protein.

Question 3

What are the monomer subunits for protein?

Answer 3

amino acids

Question 4

Where are proteins made?

Answer 4

at the ribosomes where amino acids are attached with peptide bonds

Question 5

the loss of function of a protein due to improper pH is called what?

Answer 5

denatured protein

Question 6

What are the two parts of gene expression?

Answer 6

transcription and translation

Question 7

What occurs at transcription?

Answer 7

occurs in the nucleus and it is DNA to RNA

Question 8

What occurs at translation?

Answer 8

In the cytoplasm and mRNA to a formed protein

Question 9

what are the 3 types of RNA?

Answer 9

mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA

Question 10

function of mRNA:

Answer 10

carry protein info from the DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm

Question 11

function of rRNA:

Answer 11

ensures proper alignment of the mRNA and ribosome during protein synthesis and catalyzes formation of peptide bonds.

Question 12

function of tRNA:

Answer 12

moved amino acids from out in cytoplasm to mRNA

Question 13

Mature mRNA has the ____ removed and only the extra important parts called ___ remain

Answer 13

introns; exons

Question 14

what do exons do?

Answer 14

remain the code for the protein structure

Question 15

What is the name of the process of DNA replication and what happens during it?

Answer 15

semiconservative replication. two new DNA molecules have one new strand and one old strand.

Question 16

Where are the checkpoints throughout the cell cycle?

Answer 16

G1 checkpoint, G2 checkpoint, M checkpoint. Also at S stage of interphase that scans for damaged or unreplicated DNA.

Question 17

Does DNA or RNA consists of a single strand of nucleotides?

Answer 17

RNA

Question 18

Which nucleic acids are involved in translation?

Answer 18

DNA, mRNA and tRNA

Question 19

Transcription begins when:

Answer 19

RNA polymerase binds to the genes promoter

Question 20

RNA polymerase adds complimentary what?

Answer 20

nucleotides as ti reads the gene