Chapter 19: Assessment of the infant, child, and adolescent

Question 1

• Expected findings of the newborn assessment may include:

Answer 1

reddened skin color; dusky coloring of lips and feet; fine hair covering the skin; asymmetric head due to molding; edema to eyelids; symmetric ears; pink, moist mucosa of the mouth; rounded thorax; faster heart and respiratory rates; and equal movement and length of extremities. An assessment of the external genitalia of the newborn may reveal engorged labia of the female. The testicles of the male newborn should be descended.

Question 2

• Common skin conditions associated with the infant or child population……

and….

Answer 2

may be atopic dermatitis, diaper dermatitis, impetigo, and chickenpox.

• The most common infection in children is acute otitis media. A common eye condition is conjunctivitis. One of the most common infections of the oropharynx is tonsillitis.

Question 3

• Common conditions associated with the respiratory system

Answer 3

cystic fibrosis, childhood asthma, and croup. Congenital heart defects are the most common cardiovascular condition seen in the pediatric population.

Question 4

• Musculoskeletal conditions

AND neurological conditions

Answer 4

that may be encountered in children are muscular dystrophies and spina bifida. Neurologic conditions are hydrocephalus, cerebral palsy, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.