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Psychology > Chapter 19 > Flashcards

Chapter 19 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the goal of psychotherapy?

A
  • Aim to change the thought process, feelings, or behavior of the individual
    1. Provide people with hope for recovery
    2. Provide new perspective and outlook on life
    3. Provide a caring, trusting relationship for the patient
    4. Bring about change in the individual
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2
Q

What is the goal of biological therapy?

A
  • Attempt to alleviate psychological problems by affecting the nervous system in some way
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3
Q

Usually work in educational institution

A

Counseling Psychologist

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4
Q

Work in medical offices or hospitals

A

Clinical psychologists

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5
Q

Medical doctors who are only allowed to prescribe medicine

A

Psychiatrist

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6
Q

Psychotherapy consists of ___

A

Verbal interactions between a trained professional and a patient

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7
Q

To improve relationships

A

Couple therapy

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8
Q

Improvise dysfunctional families

A

Family therapy

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9
Q

Alcohol, drug addicts, and gamblers

A

Self-help groups

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10
Q

Popular in the 1960s and 1970s (people would form groups to share their feelings)

A

Encounter groups

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11
Q

What are the techniques of psychoanalytic?

A
  1. Free Association
  2. Dream Analysis
  3. Transference
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12
Q

a. Developed by frued
b. Clients are allowed to say whatever comes to mind
c. The analyst records in hope that unconscious thoughts will come out
d. Role of analyst- rarely say anything until end of session

A

Free association

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13
Q

Analysts interpret content of clients dreams to unlock unconscious thoughts and feelings

A

Dream Analysis

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14
Q

Refers to the actual content of the dream that the client remembers

A

Manifest content

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15
Q

Hidden meaning in the dream that the therapist interprets

A

Latent content

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16
Q

a. The client views their relationships as their relationship with their therapist
b. The transferred feelings and expectations that are shown are examined by the therapist

A

Transference

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17
Q

Evaluation of psychoanalysis

A
  1. Successful with the treatment of anxiety and mild depression
  2. Not useful for major depression
  3. Most successful with those who are less verbal with no education
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18
Q

What is the goal of the humanistic approach?

A

Help individuals reach their full potential

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19
Q

What are the views of the humanistic approach?

A
  1. Most people are basically good
  2. People with disorders only need help tapping into their inner resources
  3. They believe people really do want to achieve their full potential
20
Q

What is the technique of humanistic therapy?

A

Person-centered therapy

21
Q

a. Developed by Carl Rogers who believed that psychological problems arise when people stop being true to themselves and instead act as others want or expect them to act
b. Uses non-directive therapy
c. Active listening

A

Person-centered therapy

22
Q

Clients take the lead and talk openly about what is bothering them

A

Non-directive therapy

23
Q

The listener repeats, rephrases and asks for clarification of the statements made by the speaker; the therapist remains non-judgemental and provides unconditional positive reinforcement

A

Active listening

24
Q

Evaluation of humanistic therapy

A
  1. Effective for people that are well educated and highly motivated
  2. Ineffective for people who have major depression, bipolar disorder, or schizophrenia
25
Q

What is the goal of cognitive therapy?

A

Help people learn to think about their problems in more productive ways

26
Q

b. Focus on the beliefs, attitudes, and thought processes that create and compound their clients’ problems
c. Believe they some people develop ways of thinking that are illogical, faulty assumptions

A

Cognitive therapy

27
Q

What are the 2 methods of cognitive therapy?

A
  1. Rational-Emotional Behavior Therapy

2. Beck’s Cognitive Therapy

28
Q

Believe that people are basically logical in their thinking and actions. However, the assumptions upon which people base their thinking actions are sometimes incorrect

A

REBT

29
Q

a. Focuses on restructuring illogical thought processes

b. 3 types of illogical thought processes - arbitrary inference, selective abstraction, and over generalization

A

Beck’s Cognitive Therapy

30
Q

Drawing conclusions for which there is no evidence

A

Arbitrary inference

31
Q

Drawing conclusions about a situation based on one detail

A

Selective abstraction

32
Q

Drawing a general conclusion from a single experience

A

Over generalization

33
Q

What is the goal of behavior therapy?

A

To help people develop more adaptive behavior

34
Q

Who believes this?
- both desirable and undesirable behaviors are learned and people with psychological problems have learned unhealthy ways of learning

A

Behaviorists

35
Q

What are the techniques of behavior therapy?

A
  1. Counterconditioning

2. Operant conditioning

36
Q

a. Helps people to unlearn undesirable behavior

b. Consists of 3 techniques

A

Counterconditioning

37
Q

What are the 3 techniques of counterconditioning?

A
  1. Systematic desensitization
  2. Modeling
  3. Aversive conditioning
38
Q

Therapist trains the client to relax in the presence of an anxiety- producing situations; used for phobias and anxiety disorders

A

Systematic desensitization

39
Q

The client observers and then imitates the therapist coping with the feared object or situation

A

Modeling

40
Q

The opposite of systematic conditioning; the therapist replaces a positive response to a stimulus with a negative response; used for those that have an addiction- therapist makes the addiction unpleasant by overexposure

A

Aversive conditioning

41
Q

a. Based upon the assumption that behavior that is reinforced tend to be repeated and behavior that is not reinforced tends to be extinguished
b. Therapist gives rewards for desirable behavior
c. Used for people with schizophrenia, autism, and in mental hospitals
d. Consists of 2 techniques

A

Operant conditioning

42
Q

What are the 2 techniques of operant conditioning?

A
  1. Token economy

2. Successive Approximations

43
Q

System of rewards in which tokens can be exchanged for a real reward

A

Token economy

44
Q

Refers to a series of behaviors that gradually become the desired behavior

A

Successive approximations

45
Q

Evaluation of behavior therapy

A
  1. Tends to be more effective than psychoanalysis in person centered therapy
  2. Not effective for treating the thought disorder of schizophrenia

Psychology (4 decks)

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