Chapter 19 Flashcards
What are subsidies?
Financial aid and land grants
What would the Transcontinental Railroad do?
Would connect the Pacific and Atlantic coasts
What railroad group worked eastward from Sacramento?
Central Pacific Company
What railroad group worked westward from Omaha?
Union Pacific Company
The Central Pacific Railroad relied on workers that moved from what country?
China
The Union Pacific Railroad relied on workers that moved from what country?
Ireland
What occurred on May 10, 1869?
Workers completed construction of the Transcontinental Railroad at Promontory Point
What was significant about the final spike in the Transcontinental Railroad?
It was golden
What did the American Railway Association do to our country in 1883?
Divided the nation into four time zones
What were open ranges?
Land not fenced in or divided into lots
What were long drives?
Driving cattle hundreds of miles
What were three challenges that faced the American Cowboy?
Tough weather conditions, rustlers who tried to steal cattle, and stampedes
What was passed by Congress in 1862 to encourage people to move to the Great
Plains?
The Homestead Act
How much land is an acre?
Roughly the size of a football field
What invention by John Deere allowed farmers to break through the tough
Midwestern sod?
Steel plow
What was used to keep livestock in a contained area and to mark territory?
Barbed wire
What Sioux chief didn’t want to sell the Black Hills area of the Dakotas to the US
Gov’t?
Sitting Bull
Who had his last stand at the Battle of Little Bighorn?
Colonel George Custer
What was Chief Joseph’s famous quote about Native American attitudes at this
time?
“From where the sun now stands, I will fight no more forever.”
Who was the last Native American to surrender in the Apache Wars?
Geronimo
What two things did the Dawes Act do?
Broke up reservation land individually and removed tribal affiliations
What three ways were Native American students taught to assimilate in boarding
schools?
They had to dress and act like European Americans, taught English and couldn’t use their native languages, and traditional names were replaced.
What caused the Wounded Knee Massacre?
The U.S. Army sent troops to collect Sioux weapons and one gun discharged
What battle caused the end of armed conflict between the US and Indians?
Wounded Knee
