Chapter 19, 20, 21.

Question 1

An organism with pseudopodia consumes its food by_____

Answer 1

Phagocytosis

Question 2

Look at the wild type (normal) DNA
ATGCCCGGCATA
TACGGGCCGTAT

and the mutant DNA
ATGCCCGGCtTA
TACGGGCCGTAT

what mistake do you see here represented by the lowercase letter?

Answer 2

SNP

Question 3

Which supergroup do animals and fungi belong to?

Answer 3

Opsthokonts

Question 4

The classification hierarchy that taxonomists use today was created by _____

Answer 4

Carolus Linneaus

Question 5

Why are kelp forests important for the animals that live in that ecosystem?

Answer 5

provides: food, shelter, hunting grounds, nurseries and shelter for young animals

Question 6

what body part found on kelp helps it to float?

Answer 6

air bladder

Question 7

What does SNP mean?

Answer 7

Single nucleotide polymorphism

Question 8

you are a researcher and want to alter the DNA w/in a bacterial cell. you will probably work with DNA from the bacteria’s____

Answer 8

plasmid

Question 9

The fossil of Archaeopteryx is what type of fossil?

Answer 9

a transitional fossil

Question 10

Look at the wild type (normal) DNA
ATGCCCGGCATA
TACGGGCCGTAT

and the mutant DNA.
ATGCCCGGCaATA
TACGGGCCGtTAT

what kind of DNA mistake do you see here.

Answer 10

Indel, specifically insertion

Question 11

What protist is most closely related to true land plants?

Answer 11

Chara

Question 12

What process evolved in the cyanobacteria somewhere between 2.5 and 3.5 BYA leading to mass extinction?

Answer 12

photosynthesis

Question 13

You place bacteria into a test tube with liquid media. after 24 hours you notice that the bacteria are growing at the top, middle, and bottom of the test tube. In terms of Oxygen requirements what type of bacteria is this?

Answer 13

Facultative anaerobe.

Question 14

Which of the organisms below would NOT be considered phytoplankton?
Diatoms, Dinoflagellates, cyanobacteria, volvox, radiolarians, chara

Answer 14

radiolarians

Question 15

What organism is to blame for oysters causing paralytic shellfish poisoning?

Answer 15

dinoflagellates.

Question 16

If you are bitten by a black beetle with red stripes on the outter rim of its abdomen, while in Central America and later become ill what are you mostlikely infected with?

Answer 16

Trypanosoma

Question 17

Prions affect____ cells, and may be the cause of ____ disease

Answer 17

neuron; Alzheimer

Question 18

Which group of protists is most closely related to animals?

Answer 18

Chanoflagellates

Question 19

T/F Gram Negative bacteria are sensitive to penicillin.

Answer 19

False

Question 20

T/F viruses have ribosomes

Answer 20

false

Question 21

Which supergroup do most green algae and true land plants belong to?

Answer 21

Archaeplastids

Question 22

What cellular process can accidentally lead to the formation of SNPs and indels?

Answer 22

DNA replication

Question 23

Name the 4 bacterial shapes.

Answer 23

Spirochete, Bacillus, Coccus, spirillum.

Question 24

T/F All protists are eukaryotic

Answer 24

True

Question 25

T/F Foraminiferans have silica tests.

Answer 25

False

Question 26

What is a virus?

Answer 26

An obligate intracellular parasite

Question 27

What are Oscillatoria sps. and Nostic sps. ?

Answer 27

cyanobacteria

Question 28

Which protist group is farmed and processed to make nori?

Answer 28

Red algae

Question 29

When a bacteria's carbon source and energy source are both derived from organic compounds, then that bacteria is called a ______

Answer 29

Chemoheterotroph

Question 30

In a cladogram, a common ancestor and all its descendant lineages is called a ______

Answer 30

Clade

Question 31

T/F Slime molds may look like giant amoebas but they are actually real fungi.

Answer 31

False

Question 32

Lynn Margulis noticed many things about chloroplasts and mitochondria, which lead her to develop the Endosymbiosis Hypothesis. What are the 4 supporting evidences for this theory?

Answer 32

- Both have circular DNA - Both have their own ribosomes - Both are the same size as bacteria - Both have 2 membranes

Question 33

an organism that is a single cell, has peptidoglycan, no introns and a ribosome weight of 70s. What is it?

Answer 33

A bacterial cell

Question 34

T/F Reverse transcriptase reads viral ssRNA to make ss cDNA. Then reverse transcriptase uses the sscDNA to make ds DNA to be inserted into host genome.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

Paramecium have contractile vacuoles. These organelles evolved because the Paramecium lives in a(n) ______ environment

Answer 35

Hypotonic

Question 36

The gasses produced by cyanobacteria killed all the other single celled organisms. Why did those organisms die?

Answer 36

The organisms that died were obligate anaerobes.

Question 37

A prion is a misfolded_____

Answer 37

protein

Question 38

which protist below is responsible for the White Cliffs of Dover and is helpful to geologists for dating rock layers

Answer 38

Foraminiferans

Question 39

Someone snorts freshwater during the summer while swimming. within 48 hours the person has a headache and fever. What are they infected with?

Answer 39

Naegleria fowleri, Brain eating amoeba

Question 40

"American Robin" is the common name and Turdus migratorius is the _____ name using ______ nomenclature.

Answer 40

scientific; binomial

Question 41

How does a virus enter a host cell?

Answer 41

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 42

What is a micronucleus in charge of?

Answer 42

reproduction

Question 43

While visiting developing countries in Asia and Africa, you are bitten by lots of Mosquitoes and are now sick. Your ddx was established after a doctor did a blood test. What organism are you most likely infected with?

Answer 43

Plasmodium

Question 44

Single celled organism that lives in extremely salty ponds. Often pigmented with carotenoids resulting in a pink color. What is it?

Answer 44

Halophile

Question 45

What is the spaghetti looking bit in the center of a bacterial cell?

Answer 45

Nucleoid

Question 46

You don't wash your hands after cleaing litterboxes. you start having behavioral changes. what are you infected with?

Answer 46

Toxoplasma

Question 47

HIV is a type of_____

Answer 47

Retrovirus

Question 48

Algae and plants have many differences and similarities. What characteristic would you not find in algae?

Answer 48

the presence of leaves.

Question 49

T/F Gram Positive bacteria is sensitive to penicillin?

Answer 49

True

Question 50

Dr. Carl Woese developed the domain system by analyzing sequence information from

Answer 50

Ribosomal RNA

Question 51

T/F Eukaryotes are more closely related to Archaea and less related to bacteria

Answer 51

True

Question 52

Mixotrophic means:

Answer 52

can photosynthesize and ingest food.

Question 53

What is Botulism caused by?

Answer 53

accidentally consuming bacterial endospores.

Question 54

List hte taxonomic terms used when naming viruses

Answer 54

Order, Family, Genus, Species

Question 55

Adenoviruses, Bacteriophages ,and tobacco mosaic viruses are all examples of:

Answer 55

Naked viruses

Question 56

Single celled organism that lives in your stomach and in a cows stomach. The cuase of the gas that comes out during flatulence. what is it?

Answer 56

Methanogen

Question 57

T/F Getting DNA sequences from organisms for analysis has become cheaper and easier to do over time

Answer 57

True

Question 58

T/F Siprogyra is used for the genetic engineering of biofuels.

Answer 58

False

Question 59

List the hierarchy groupings in order from Most to least inclusive

Answer 59

Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species.

Question 60

What scenario would you use an unrooted phylogenetic tree?

Answer 60

studying a specific group in a specific location.