chapter 19 Flashcards
the compromise of 1850
- five ideas from henry clay, plan on voting on each idea separately (because congress argued about the ideas overall) from stephen douglas
- ca becomes a free state
- stronger fugitive slave laws
- slavery is legal everywhere (some places like mexican cession have popular sovereignty) but the slave trade is illegal in washington dc
the free soil party
- composed of antislavery whigs and democrats
- candidate in the election of 1848 was martin van buren who lost but the party still gained some seats in congress
stephen douglas (democrat)
- proposed voting on each idea individually (compromise of 1850)
- created the kansas-nebraska act (1854)
popular sovereignty
government based on the consent of the people
john brown
- against slavery
- led a group attack during the civil war of kansas
debate over slavery (1849)
- ca wanted to become a free state (this would cause slave states to be outnumbered leading to them seceding)
- antislavery groups wanted slavery to be outlawed in washington dc
- southerners wanted stronger fugitive slave laws
secede
to leave
martyr
a person who dies for a cause
opinions on slavery
north: wanted to ban it
south: wanted to keep it, wanted the north to stay out of their buisness
the Wilmot Proviso
- proposed by David Wilmot
- banned slavery in the mexican cession
-passed in the house, failed in the senate (equal representation)
- john calhoun argued that slavery shouldn’t be controlled in any territory
(senator) henry clay
- proposed the ideas for the compromise of 1850
- whig party
zachary taylor
- won the election of 1848
- whig party
disagreement (1840’s)
- texas became a state which angered people in mexico
- this started the mexican war (cause was the boundary line)
- the us received the territories of new mexico and california
kansas-nebraska act (1854)
- due to growing population and ca becoming a free state, congress decided to make a railroad system in the louisiana territory
- stephen douglas proposed it took place in chicago but some people didn’t like it because that to get there would mean you would have to pass through a free state
- because of that, douglas proposed to get rid of the missiouri compromise (which kept kansas a free state) and split the kansas-nebraska territory
- this would also mean that whether a state was free or not depended on popular sovereignty
- to make kansas a slave state, proslavery groups ran to kansas in order to vote which angered antislavery groups
- kansas became a slave state but antislavery groups refused to see it that way
- they made their own constitution causing kansas to have two constitution at the same time
- this caused a conflict between the two groups known as the civil war of kansas
- this act drew the north and the south further apart
fugitive
a person who runs away from the law
the election of 1848
- zachory taylor (whig-won)
- lewis cass (democrat)
- martin van buren (free soil)
(views on slavery were not shared during this election which angered voters)
fort sumter
lincoln received a message saying that the group stationed at fort sumter was low on supplies so he sent an unarmed group to deliver supplies but before that group got there, davis made a choice to attack without those supplies present. this started the civil war.
court case decision (dred scott v sandford)
- dred was not a citizen so he was not “allowed” to go to court
- he was considered property
- the missouri compromise and popular sovereignty were not constitutionally allowed
- no one could ban slavery because it would be like taking away a persons property
the republican party
- consisted of antislavery whigs, democrats, and free soilers
- dissolved the whigs party, gained seats due to popularity
- wanted slavery banned and wanted to repeal the kansas-nebraska act and the fugitive slave act
the election of 1852
- franklin pierce (democrat)
- winfield scott (whig)
- both candidates supported the compromise of 1850
franklin pierce
- won the election of 1852
- kansas-nebraska act
- not up for re-election
roger taney
the judge on the dred scott v stanford case
the election of 1860
this election divided the democratic party
democratic (n) - favored popular sovereignty, rep. was stephen douglas
democratic (s) - favored slavery, rep. was john breckinridge
constitutional union party - formed by moderates from the north and south, no opinion on slavery, rep. was john bell
republican - wanted slavery to stay as it was but banned in the territories, rep. abraham lincoln (who won)
abraham lincoln
- won the election of 1860
- republican
uncle tom’s cabin
- written by harriet beecher stowe
- book about the horrors of slavery
- changed people’s opinion on slavery
millard fillmore
- president after zachory taylor died (compromise of 1850)
- ran in the election of 1856
confederate states of america
- states that seceded after lincoln became president because of a fear that slavery was going to get banned
- jefferson davis became president of this confederacy
dred scott v sandford
(1846-1857)
dred scott was an enslaved person who lived in a free state but was still denied freedom
(missouri - illinois - wisconsin - missouri)
the know-nothing party
an anti-immigration party
(the party disappeard quickly but the nativist movement continued)
fugitive slave act (1850)
required slaves to be returned to their owners even if they were in a free state
the election of 1856
republicans - john fremont, wanted free territories
democrats - james buchanana, popular sovereignty (won the election)
the know-nothing party - millard fillmore
whigs - divided over the issue of slavery, no candidate
