Chapter 19

Question 1

What are the 7 functions of blood?

Answer 1

1. Transportation of gases
2. transportation of molecules
3. pH regulation
4. Body temp regulation
5. protection against foreign substances
6. clot formation
7. transportation of hormones

Question 2

What is the composition of blood?

Answer 2

55% plasma

45% formed elements

Question 3

Composition of plasma (or supernatant)?

Answer 3

91% water

proteins and other solutes

Question 4

Composition of formed elements (or pellet) of blood?

Answer 4

platelets
white blood cells
red blood cells

Question 5

Function of Erythrocytes (or RBC)

Answer 5

To carry respiratory gases: oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 6

Leukocytes (White Blood Cells) Subcategories

Answer 6

Granulocytes

agranulocytes

Question 7

description of Granulocytes

Answer 7

Textured/Rough Cytoplasm containing large granules

Question 8

Description of agranulocytes

Answer 8

cytoplasm is smooth, small granules

Question 9

Sub Categories of Granulocytes

Answer 9

Basophil
eosinophil
neutrophil

Question 10

Basophil is __

Answer 10

granulocyte with rough blueish cytoplasm

Question 11

Eosinophil is __

Answer 11

Granulocyte with rough pinkish cytoplasm

Question 12

Neutrophil is __

Answer 12

granulocyte with rough cytoplasm and 3-5 lobed nucleus

Question 13

Lymphocyte is__

Answer 13

agranulocyte with smooth cytoplasm and round nucleus

Question 14

Monocyte is __

Answer 14

Agranulocyte with smooth cytoplasm and kidney shaped nucleus

Question 15

What is the larges white blood cell?

Answer 15

Monocyte

Question 16

What is a monocyte called once it leaves the bloodstream?

Answer 16

marcophage

Question 17

Thrombocytes/platelets are responsible for __

Answer 17

Forming clots

Question 18

What is Hematopoiesis?

Answer 18

The process of blood cell production

Question 19

What is erythropoiesis?

Answer 19

The process in which RBC or erythrocytes are produced.

Question 20

What is Erythropoietin (EPO)?

Answer 20

Hormone which stimulates erythropoiesis

Question 21

Where is erythropoietin produced?

Answer 21

The kidneys.

Question 22

What is the average lifespan of erythrocytes or red blood cells?

Answer 22

120 days

Question 23

What is produced in kidneys in response to low blood O2 levels?

Answer 23

Erythropoietin (EPO)

Question 24

EPO ultimately increases ___ levels

Answer 24

blood oxygen

Question 25

what is Hemoglobin?

Answer 25

Protein found in red blood cells that transports oxygen to tissue/organs and carries CO2 away from organs/tissue back to the lungs

Question 26

What is a oxyhemoglobin?

Answer 26

when oxygen is bound to a hemoglobin molecule. headed toward organs and tissues

Question 27

what is a carbaminohemoglobin?

Answer 27

when carbon dioxide is bound to a hemoglobin molecule. headed away from tissue back to lungs

Question 28

What is a deoxyhemoglobin?

Answer 28

when a hemoglobin is lacking oxygen

Question 29

Patient presents to clinic with SOB, fatigue and poor endurance. Will their hemoglobin levels be high or low?

Answer 29

low.

Question 30

What is the function of leukocytes? (WBC)

Answer 30

Protect body against microorganisms and removes dead cells and debris

Question 31

Margination of leukocytes

Answer 31

Moves toward endothelium and adheres to it

Question 32

Diapedesis of leukoctyes

Answer 32

cells become thin, elongated and move either between or through endothelial cells of capillaries.

Question 33

What are the Characteristics of Basophil?

Answer 33

migrates to damaged tissue and promotes inflammation by secreting histamine and herparin.