Chapter 18 - Stress

Question 1

Acute Stress

Answer 1

Fight or flight

Question 2

What part of the brain determines if something is a threat?

Answer 2

Amygdala

Hippocampus

Question 3

What hormones does the fight or flight response secrete?

Answer 3

Adrenaline
Epinephrine
Cortisol

Question 4

Chronic Stress

Answer 4

Ongoing stress that results in wear and tear and negative health results

Question 5

Eustress

Answer 5

Good stress

Question 6

Distress

Answer 6

Bad stress

Question 7

General Adaptation Syndrome

Answer 7

Alarm
Resistance
Exhaustion

Question 8

Alarm Phase

Answer 8

A threat is perceived and body reacts

Question 9

Resistance Phase

Answer 9

Coping mechanisms are used to try to reestablish homeostasis

Question 10

Exhaustion Phase

Answer 10

Occurs if homeostasis is not achieved

Question 11

Allostatic Load

Answer 11

The consequence of the wear and tear on the body and brain and leads to ill health.

Question 12

Appraisal

Answer 12

The perception that an event or situation is a threat

Question 13

Primary Appraisal

Answer 13

Evaluation of events as a threat, harm, or challenge

Question 14

Secondary Appraisal

Answer 14

Explanation of outcome of events

Question 15

Diathesis-Stress Model

Answer 15

Early experiences of stress/trauma can impair the stress response and increase risk for mental illnesses

Question 16

Type A personality

Answer 16

Competitive, aggression, ambitious, impatient, alert, tense, and restless

Question 17

Type B personality

Answer 17

Relaxed, easygoing, easily satisfied

Question 18

Type C personality

Answer 18

Introvert, respectful, conforming, complaint, and eager to please

Question 19

Type D personality

Answer 19

increased negative emotions, pessimism, non-sharing of emotions

Question 20

Functions of Social Support

Answer 20

Emotional
Tangible
Infomational

Question 21

Emotional Support

Answer 21

Attachment, reassurance, being able to rely on and confide in a person

Question 22

Tangible Support

Answer 22

Direct aid such as loans or gifts, services such as taking care of someone who is ill, doing a job or chore

Question 23

Informational Support

Answer 23

Providing information or advice, giving feedback about how a person is doing

Question 24

Fight or Flight Physiological Changes

Answer 24

Increase glucose
Increase CO and BP (RAAS)
Increase O2 and Hematocrit
Increase immune response
Heightened vigilance in brain
Hyperactive coagulation

Question 25

Negative emotions

Answer 25

``` Anger Fright Anxiety Guilt Shame Sadness Envy Jealousy Disgust ```

Question 26

Positive Emotions

Answer 26

Happiness Pride Relief Love

Question 27

Borderline Emotions

Answer 27

``` Hope, Compassion Empathy Sympathy Contentment ```

Question 28

Nonemotions

Answer 28

Confidence Awe Confusion Excitement

Question 29

Problem-Focused Coping

Answer 29

The person attacks the source of stress and solves the problem (eliminating it or changing its effects), which changes the person–environment relationship

Question 30

Emotion Focused Coping

Answer 30

The person reduces the stress by reinterpreting the situation to change its meaning (Accepting the problem and looking on the "sunny side")

Question 31

Adaptation (resilience)

Answer 31

Person's ability to survive and flourish

Question 32

Adaptation effect 3 areas

Answer 32

Healthy coping Psychological well-being Social functioning

Question 33

Overall goals for pt. who is stressed

Answer 33

Resolve stressful person-environment situations Reduce the stress response (Deep breathing) Develop positive coping skills ("what has worked in the past?")

Question 34

Goals for pt. high risk for stress

Answer 34

Recognize the potential for stressful situations | Strengthen positive coping skills

Question 35

When pt. comes to hospital they must be __ __ before they can be admitted to psych unit

Answer 35

Physically cleared

Question 36

If the pt. has pancreatitis and is irritable and acting out. What is priority goal here.

Answer 36

Tx of pancreatitis - this could be causing the irritability and may fix it w/o having to admit to psych unit

Question 37

Psychological Assessment

Answer 37

Emotions | Coping strategies

Question 38

Pt. on the psych unit, the nurse should make sure they eat at least ___ amount of their meals

Answer 38

At least 75% of all of their meals

Question 39

Interventions for stressed pt.

Answer 39

``` ADLs Nutrition Exercise Relaxation techniques Referral for hypnosis or biofeedback ```

Question 40

Psychosocial assessment

Answer 40

Severity of emotions How the pt. acts on emotions (aggressive, angry) Coping strategies

Question 41

What is usually the most effective Tx for psychiatric pt.

Answer 41

Med + Therapy

Question 42

Social Assessment

Answer 42

``` Network and extent Recent changes (new added stress) Degree of interconnectedness in social network ```

Question 43

Social interventions

Answer 43

``` Facilitation of family functioning Assistance in expanding social network Support of family unit Parenting education Family therapy ```

Question 44

Individual Outcomes

Answer 44

Improved health, well-being, and social function

Question 45

Family Outcomes

Answer 45

Improved communication/social support

Question 46

Social network outcomes

Answer 46

Modification of social network to increase support