Chapter 18 - Final

Question 1

Anxiety disorder: Serotonin is ______, norepinephrine is ______, and GABA is _______.

Answer 1

decreased; increased; decreased

Question 2

We need ____ to keep us from becoming anxious

Answer 2

GABA

Question 3

Recurrent panic attacks, onset unpredictable, and manifested by intense apprehension, fear, or terror, often associated with feelings of impending doom and accompanied by intense physical discomfort

Answer 3

Panic Disorders

Question 4

Fear of being in places or situations from which escape might be difficult (or embarrassing) or in which help might not be available if a panic attack should occur

Answer 4

Panic disorder with agoraphobia

Question 5

Characterized by chronic, unrealistic, and excessive anxiety and worry

Answer 5

Anxiety disorder

Question 6

Excessive fear of situations in which the person might do something embarrassing or be evaluated negatively by others

Answer 6

Social Phobia

Question 7

Marked, persistent, and excessive or unreasonable fear when in the presence of, or when anticipating, an encounter with a specific object or situation

Answer 7

Specific Phobia

Question 8

_____ theory is unconscious fears may be expressed in symbolic manner as phobia

Answer 8

Psychoanalytic Theory

Question 9

______ theory is fears are learned and become conditioned responses when the individual escapes panic anxiety (a negative reinforcement) by avoiding phobic stimulus

Answer 9

Learning Theory

Question 10

_____ theory is anxiety is the product of faulty cognitions or anxiety-inducing self-instructions. Negative self statements or irrational beliefs

Answer 10

Cognitive Theory

Question 11

Unwanted, intrusive, persistent ideas, thoughts, impulses, or images that cause marked anxiety or distress

Answer 11

Obsessions

Question 12

Unwanted repetitive behavior patters or mental acts intended to reduce anxiety, not to provide pleasure or gratification

Answer 12

Compulsions

Question 13

In panic disorders ______ is increased

Answer 13

norepinephrine

Question 14

In anxiety disorders _______ and ______ decreases

Answer 14

Serotonin and GABA

Question 15

Recurrent obsessions or compulsions that are severe enough to be time-consuming or to cause marked distress or significant impairment

Answer 15

OCD

Question 16

What neurotransmitter may be influential in the etiology of OCD?

Answer 16

Serotonin

Question 17

Characteristic symptoms following exposure to an extreme traumatic stressor involving a personal threat to physical integrity or to the physical integrity of others. Include re-experiencing the traumatic event, a sustained high level of anxiety or arousal, or a general numbing of responsiveness

Answer 17

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Question 18

Most common cause of PTSD in the US is ________.

Answer 18

Car accidents

Question 19

Anti-anxiety agents act by _____ the CNS

Answer 19

Depressing

Question 20

Anti-anxiety agents are contraindicated with ______

Answer 20

other CNS depressants

Question 21

Benzodiazepines ______ activity which leads to relaxation

Answer 21

Increase GABA

Question 22

Buspirone (BuSpar) is not a _______, it acts on ______

Answer 22

CNS depressant; serotonin

Question 23

A _______ reactions is opposite of what is expected

Answer 23

Paradoxical

Question 24

3 classes of drugs used for PTSD

Answer 24

Antidepressants, anxiolytics, antihypertensives

Question 25

Anxiolytics work by ________

Answer 25

increasing GABA

Question 26

Xanax, Valium, Ativan, BuSpar are all ________.

Answer 26

Benzodiazepines

Question 27

Benzodiazepines increase _________, which leads to relaxation

Answer 27

GABA

Question 28

Ex. patient is afraid of spiders so you let a spider crawl on them. Exposing a patient to their fears all at once.

Answer 28

Implosion therapy - flooding

Question 29

Allowing a person to over come their fear through gradual steps

Answer 29

Systematic desensitization