Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pathology 2 > Chapter 18- Female Anatomy (Red Terms from Review Videos) > Flashcards

Chapter 18- Female Anatomy (Red Terms from Review Videos) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the MC pathology of the vulva?

A

Inflammation (Vulvitis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

____ is a cause of vulvitis resulting in erythema, oozing, & crusting lesions

A

Eczema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The following microorganisms can cause infection, leading to vulvitis….

A

HPV (condylomata acuminata), HSV (vesicles), Treponema pallidum, N. gonorrhoeae, C. albicans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

____ is an infection which obstructs ducts leading to vulvitis

A

Bartholin’s cyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

____ is an epidermal thinning of the vulva

A

Lichen sclerosus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Lichen sclerosus has what characteristic feature and is MC in what population?

A

white lesion

MC in elderly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

_____ causes epithelial hyperplasia of the vulva

A

Lichen simplex chronicus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Lichen simplex chronicus is caused by…

A

chronic irritation (leukocytes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

____ is seen in secondary syphilis, is flat, moist and painless

A

Conylomata lata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

____ is genital warts (HPV-6 & -11)

A

Condylomata acuminata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia derives from what strains of HPV?

A

HPV-16 & -18

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Non-HPV-related SCC is associated with…

A

lichen sclerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Features of vaginitis…

A

common, MC benign & transient

discharge (leukorrhea)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Vaginal squamous cell carcinoma occurs in what age group?

Risk factors?

A

MC >60 years

HPV and Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) as risk factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma is a risk for mothers who took…

A

diethylstilbestrol (DES)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Vaginal sarcoma botryoides is a type of…

MC in what age group

A

embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma

<5 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Features of cervicitis…

A

common, benign, leukorrhea (discharge)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cervical HPV infections that persist are called…

A

cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What HPV strains create a high risk for cervical neoplasia?

A

HPV-16 & -18 in the transformation zone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) develops due to….

A

cervicial dysplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is MC at age…

A

30 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

2 types of Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)

A
  1. Low-grade CIN (60% regress, 10% progress to high-grade)

2. High-grade CIN (30% regress, 10% -> CA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is symptomatic/asymptomatic

A

asymptomatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How is Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) diagnosed?

A

Biopsy (colposcopy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Invasive carcinoma of the cervix is MC diagnosed when?
mid-40s
26
Invasive carcinoma of the cervix is MC what?
Squamous cell carcinoma
27
Invasive carcinoma of the cervix occurs where?
Transformation zone
28
Invasive carcinoma of the cervix becomes more dangerous after crossing what threshold?
greater than or equal to 3mm
29
Invasive carcinoma of the cervix is asymptomatic early and ____ is the MC cause of death
local invasion
30
Inflammation of the uterin endometrium
Endometritis
31
Endometritis has 2 causes:
1. MC secondary to pelvic inflammatory disease | 2. retained products (conception, abortion, IUD)
32
Extrauterine endometrial tissue causes
endometriosis
33
Extrauterine endometrial tissue (endometriosis) tends to develop...
ovaries, peritoneum, pouch of Douglas, uterine ligaments, fallopian tubes, nodes, heart, lungs
34
Precursor for endometrial carcinoma (dysplasia), excessive estrogen
Endometrial hyperplasia
35
Taking ____ can increase your risk for Endometrial hyperplasia
exogenous estrogens (unbalanced)
36
MC female genital tract cancer
Endometrial carcinoma
37
Age range for endometrial carcinoma? | What type of carcinoma does it MC (80%) fall under?
55-65 years | Endometrioid
38
Risk factor for endometrial carcinoma
Estrogens
39
MC benign female tumor reproductive-age (50%), menorrhagia, atrophy after menopause
Leiomyoma ("fibroids")
40
Cancer, solitary, MC postmenopausal, anaplastic, hemorrhagic & necrotic mass, recur after excision
Leiomyosarcoma
41
MC inflammation of the fallopian tubes
Salpingitis
42
Salpingitis can occur from ____. | Can result in...
occur from STIs: chlamydia, gonorrhea, strep, staph | result in ectopic pregnancy, endometriosis, neoplasia, lower abdominal pain, pelvic mass
43
Associated with BRCA mutations, diagnosed in lated stages, may involve peritoneal cavity
Adenocarcinoma (of fallopian tubes)
44
90% of ovarian cancer (MC)
Surface epithelial tumors
45
Types of surface epithelial tumors....
a. Serous tumors | b. endometrioid tumors
46
What is the MC type of surface epithelial tumor
Serous tumors
47
Serous tumors are: benign/malignant size, location prognosis
60% benign, 40% malignant Large (30-40 cm), bilateral (25%) poor prognosis: 15% 10 year survival
48
Endometrioid tumors are associated with... | MC benign/malignant?
endometriosis & endometrial CA | MC malignant
49
non-uterine implantation of a zygote
Ectopic pregnancy
50
MC location of ectopic pregnancy
tubal
51
3 types of gestational trophoblastic disease
1. Hydatidiform mole 2. Invasive mole 3. Choriocarcinoma
52
gestational trophoblastic disease with swollen chorionic villi. Features: benign, large, commonly cystic, grape-like.
Hydatidiform mole
53
Gestational trophoblastic disease that is benign, invasive and possible rupture & severe hemorrhage of myometrium
Invasive mole
54
Gestational trophoblastic disease with aggressive malignancy of gestational chorionic epithelium, hemorrhagic, discovered late
Choriocarcinoma
55
Preeclampsia causes...
HTN, proteinuria, edema (face, periphery)
56
Eclampsia causes...
seizures, coma
57
Cystic dilation from an obstructed gland during lactation (lead to possible inflammation)
Galactocele
58
Breast lesions are MC among... MC benign/malignant?
MC among females | MC benign
59
Breast lesions features...
palpable mass
60
Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) have...
uniform cells, mucin vacuoles
61
Bilateral breast enlargement, ~70% of pubescent males, newborn/elderly, ADRs, increase estrogens
Gynecomastia
62
Male breast carcinoma rapidly invades....
rapidly invades thorax

Pathology 2 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions