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Bio 166 > Chapter 18 - Blood > Flashcards

Chapter 18 - Blood Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How does blood transport through the body?

A
  1. Oxygen from lungs to body tissues
  2. Metabolic wastes from tissues to lungs, kidneys, and liver
  3. Nutrients from GI tract to body cells
  4. Hormones
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2
Q

How does blood help with regulation?

A
  1. pH via buffers
  2. Body temperature
  3. Water content of cells
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3
Q

How does blood help provide protection?

A
  1. Helps stop blood loss

2. Immunity and immune responses

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4
Q

What are the Physical Characteristics of Blood?

A
  1. More viscous than water
  2. Temperature about 1° C higher than oral or rectal body temperature
  3. Alkaline pH (7.35 to 7.45)
  4. ~8% of total body weight
  5. 5-6 Liter in adult male
  6. 4-5 Liter in adult female
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5
Q

What are the components of blood?

A
  1. Plasma

2. Formed elements

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6
Q

What are the formed elements?

A
  1. Erythrocytes
  2. Leukocytes
  3. Platelets
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7
Q

Erythrocytes are what type of blood?

A

Red Blood Cells RBCs

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8
Q

What type of bloods are leukocytes?

A

White Blood Cells WBCs

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9
Q

What is pluripotent stem cells?

A

Cells that can develop into several different types if cell

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10
Q

What is hemopoiesis?

A

The production of formed elements

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11
Q

What is the component of hemopoiesis?

A

Pluripotent stem cells

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12
Q

What is the circulation steps of blood?

A
  1. Blood leaves the heart in arteries, which carry it to the tissues
  2. At the tissues, nutrients & wastes diffuse across capillary walls
  3. Veins return this oxygen deficient blood to the heart
  4. Blood then travels to the lungs to be oxygenated, and then back to the heart again
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13
Q

What is hematocrit (Hct)?

A

It is the percentage of blood volume occupied by erythrocytes

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14
Q

What is the equation for hematocrit?

A

RBC height in mm / total height in mm) x 100 = %

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15
Q

How much content of water does blood plasma contains?

A

91.5%

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16
Q

How much content of protiend does blood plasma contains?

A

7%

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17
Q

What is the most plentiful protine in blood plasma?

A

Albumin @ 54%

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18
Q

What are the protiens in blood plasma?

A

Albumin
Globulins
Fibrinogen

19
Q

How much of Globulins is in blood plasma?

A

38%

20
Q

How much of Fibrinogen is in blood plasma?

A

7%

21
Q

How much does other solutes are in blood plasma?

A

1.5%

22
Q

What does albumin do?

A

Helps maintain blood osmotic pressure

23
Q

What does globulins do?

A

They are the antibodies defensive protien prduced during certain immune responses

24
Q

What does Fibrinogen?

A

They are the key protien in formation of blood clotts

25
Q

What are the formed elements?

A

RBCs
WBCs
Platelets

26
Q

What are the WBCs?

A 
Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils
27
Q

How long does formed elements survive in the blood stream?

A

Only a few days

28
Q

Does mose blood cells divide?

A

No

29
Q

How are blood cells renewed?

A

By cells in the bone marrow

30
Q

What is hemopoiesis?

A

They are the PRODUCTION of formed elements

31
Q

Where does hemopoiesis occur first before birth?

A

In the yolk sac of the embroy and later in liver, spleen, thymus and lymph nodes of the fetus

32
Q

Where does hemopoiesis occur after birth and throughout life?

A

In the red bone marrow

33
Q

Where is hemopoiesis found in the red bone marrow?

A

In the spaces of trabeculae of spongy bone

34
Q

.05-.1% of red bone marrow is what?

A

Pluripotent stem cells

35
Q

What is another name for RBCs?

A

Erythrocytes

36
Q

What is the main component of RBCs?

A

Hemoglobin

37
Q

How much does adult males have RBCs?

A

5.4 million per microliter

38
Q

What are the components of blood plasma?

A
  1. 91.6% water
  2. 7% proteins
  3. 1.5% other solutes
39
Q

What are the proteins of the blood plasma?

A
  1. Albumin~54%
  2. Globulins~38%
  3. Fibrinogen~7%
40
Q

What is the characteristics if albumin of blood plasma?

A

Helps maintain blood osmotic pressure

41
Q

What is the characteristics of globulins if blood plasma?

A

They are the antibodies of blood plasma

42
Q

What are the characteristics of fibrinogen of blood plasma?

A

They help with blood clotting

43
Q

Which of the proteins in blood plasma more plentiful?

A

Albumin

Bio 166 (4 decks)

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