Chapter 18 Flashcards
1900 - % of people over 65 years of age
3.9% / 3 million
2004 % of people over 65 years of age
36.3 million 12%
estimates for people over 65 in 2010
40 million
% of ederly living in nursing homes / those of 85 years of age and older
5% / 18%
Erikson: Life Crises
identifies the “crisis” of late adulthood as acquiring a sense of integrity and fending off a sense of despair
Havighurst
viewed life as a series of “developmental tasks” that one must master before moving forward
Havighurst’s 6 developmental tasks
- adjust to decreased strength and health
- adjust to retirement and decreased income
- adjust to death of spouse
- establish an affiliation with one’s age group
- meet social/civic obligations
- establish satisfactory living arrange
Positive changes (Eustress)
grandchildren, sometimes values for knowledge and wisdom, free time to pursue other interests
4 patterns of adjustment
- maintenance
- withdrawal
- changed activities
- changed needs
Kubler-Ross’s stages of dying:
denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance
Stage of Greif can include (3)
- shock and disbelief
- painful longing for person
- diminished painful emotions, beging to re-engage in activities, relationships
Broken Heart Syndrome
increased catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine) may cause spasms in coronary arteries and heart muscles. Often temporary but can result in death.
Life-situation interventions (5)
continue work, volunteer, develop network of friends, children/grandchildren, have a will, funeral arrangements.
Perception interventions (4)
locus of control, focus on positives, year remaining, time to enjoy new actiiries, spend with family, give to the community
Emotional Arousal interventions
prayer, enjoying others, watching neighbors, looking out the window to relax
Physiological arousal interventions
exercises and taking walks around the block
Developmental tasks
a series of life tasks that need to be achieved at various stages of life in order for the next stage of life to be happy and successful
Developmental tasks
a series of life tasks that need to be achieved at various stages of life in order for the next stage of life to be happy and successful
positive effects of elderly exercise
helps maintain the ability to live independently
reduce the risk of dying from coronary heart disease and of developing high blood pressure, colon cancer, and diabetes.
can help reduce blood pressure in some people with hypertension
Helps people with chronic, disabling conditions improve their stamina and muscle strength
reduces symptoms of anxiety and depression, and fosters improvements in mood and feelings of well-being.
Helps maintain healthy bones, muscles, and joints.
Helps control joint swelling and pain associated with arthritis
positive effects of elderly exercise
helps maintain the ability to live independently
reduce the risk of dying from coronary heart disease and of developing high blood pressure, colon cancer, and diabetes.
can help reduce blood pressure in some people with hypertension
Helps people with chronic, disabling conditions improve their stamina and muscle strength
reduces symptoms of anxiety and depression, and fosters improvements in mood and feelings of well-being.
Helps maintain healthy bones, muscles, and joints.
Helps control joint swelling and pain associated with arthritis
Maintenance
the patter of people who try to satisfy the same needs after retirement as before retirement in then same kind of way. They continue work in one way or another (like take part time jobs)
ageism
prejudice based on a person’s age
Caregivers
people who provide care for childern, elders, or the disables
signs of caregiver stress
- denial
- anger
- social withdrawal
- anxiety
- depression
- exhaustion
- sleeplessness
- irritability
- lack of concentration
- health problems
