chapter 13 Flashcards
Life Style Behavior
all of the activities which people engage
Health Behavior
activities taken by people who believe themselves to be healthy and that are designed to maintain health (limiting sugar and salt, exercising)
health-behavior assessment (3 questions)
what could you change in your life?
what are you willing to change?
how do you plan to change it?
Barriers to action
reasons given or situations that interfere with someone engaging in behaviors that he wishes to engage
Locus of control
the perceptions of one’s amount of control one has over events that effect’s one’s life
Methods of decreasing stressful behaviors (11)
- self monitoring
- tailoring
- material reinforcement
- social reinforcement
- social support
- self-contracting
- contracting
- shaping
- reminders
- self help groups
- professional health
Self- monitoring
the process of observing and recording one’s behaviors
Tailoring
Making a behavior change program specific to the life of the individual
Material reinforcement
rewarding a behavior with a tangible object
Social reinforcement
rewarding with social approval
self contracting
making a contract with oneself to change a behavior
shaping
changing a behavior a little at a time with small steps instead of cold turkey
Reminders
leaving yourself reminder messages to promote behavior change (on calendar)
Stages of Change theory
- Pre-contemplation
- Contemplation
- Decision / determination
- Action
- Maintenance
Pre-contemplation
One is unaware of the problem or the need to change.
Contemplation
One is thinking about changing a behavior but has not taken any action to do so. Reducing cons of change.
Decision/ Determination
one actually starts planning to change the behavior.
Action
one implements a stress management program
Maintenance
one continues the changed behavior over time.
Health Belief Model
A way of conceptualizing how people make decisions regarding their health behavior. Constructs include perceptions of susceptibility to and the severity of illness or disease, benefits of the behavior and barriers to performing it, cues to encourage, and confidence in being able to perform the behavior.
6 steps to the Health Belief Model
- Perceived susceptibility
- Perceived Severity
- Perceived Benefits
- Perceived Barriers
- Cues to Action
- Sel- Efficacy
Perceived Susceptibility
One’s option of the likelihood of getting the condition, illness, or disease if the recommended health behavior is not adopted
Perceived Severity
one’s opinion of the seriousness or severity of the contition, illness, or disease likely to be acquired if the recommended health behavior is not adopted
Perceived Benefits
one’s opion on how effective the recommended health behavior is in reducing the risk or seriousness of the condition, illness, or disease.
Perceived Barriers
one’s opinion of the costs associated with taking the recommended action
cues to action
strategies to activate and encourage recommended health behaviors
Self-Efficacy
Confidence in one’s ability to perform the recommended health behaviors effectively
Self-Efficacy Theory
people’s beliefs about their capabilities are a better predictor of their accomplishments than are their actual knowledge, skills, or past accomplishments.
four ways to increase self-efficacy
- Performance Attainment
- Vicarious experience
- verbal persuasion
- physiological state
Goal Setting Theory
A conceptualization of how one successfully achieves goals. Among considerations are the difficulty of the goal, proximal, and distal goals, and self-efficacy
3 steps of goal setting theory
- how difficult is the goal?
- Set proximal goals on the way to distal goal
- high self-efficacy
4 steps of Motivational Interviewing
- express empathy
- develop discrepancy
- roll with resistance
- support self-efficacy
Theory of reasoned action
behavioral intentions are predictors of success
theory of planned behavior
adds the variable of amount of perceived control
