chapter 13

Question 1

Life Style Behavior

Answer 1

all of the activities which people engage

Question 2

Health Behavior

Answer 2

activities taken by people who believe themselves to be healthy and that are designed to maintain health (limiting sugar and salt, exercising)

Question 3

health-behavior assessment (3 questions)

Answer 3

what could you change in your life?
what are you willing to change?
how do you plan to change it?

Question 4

Barriers to action

Answer 4

reasons given or situations that interfere with someone engaging in behaviors that he wishes to engage

Question 5

Locus of control

Answer 5

the perceptions of one’s amount of control one has over events that effect’s one’s life

Question 6

Methods of decreasing stressful behaviors (11)

Answer 6

1. self monitoring
2. tailoring
3. material reinforcement
4. social reinforcement
5. social support
6. self-contracting
7. contracting
8. shaping
9. reminders
10. self help groups
11. professional health

Question 7

Self- monitoring

Answer 7

the process of observing and recording one’s behaviors

Question 8

Tailoring

Answer 8

Making a behavior change program specific to the life of the individual

Question 9

Material reinforcement

Answer 9

rewarding a behavior with a tangible object

Question 10

Social reinforcement

Answer 10

rewarding with social approval

Question 11

self contracting

Answer 11

making a contract with oneself to change a behavior

Question 12

shaping

Answer 12

changing a behavior a little at a time with small steps instead of cold turkey

Question 13

Reminders

Answer 13

leaving yourself reminder messages to promote behavior change (on calendar)

Question 14

Stages of Change theory

Answer 14

1. Pre-contemplation
2. Contemplation
3. Decision / determination
4. Action
5. Maintenance

Question 15

Pre-contemplation

Answer 15

One is unaware of the problem or the need to change.

Question 16

Contemplation

Answer 16

One is thinking about changing a behavior but has not taken any action to do so. Reducing cons of change.

Question 17

Decision/ Determination

Answer 17

one actually starts planning to change the behavior.

Question 18

Action

Answer 18

one implements a stress management program

Question 19

Maintenance

Answer 19

one continues the changed behavior over time.

Question 20

Health Belief Model

Answer 20

A way of conceptualizing how people make decisions regarding their health behavior. Constructs include perceptions of susceptibility to and the severity of illness or disease, benefits of the behavior and barriers to performing it, cues to encourage, and confidence in being able to perform the behavior.

Question 21

6 steps to the Health Belief Model

Answer 21

1. Perceived susceptibility
2. Perceived Severity
3. Perceived Benefits
4. Perceived Barriers
5. Cues to Action
6. Sel- Efficacy

Question 22

Perceived Susceptibility

Answer 22

One’s option of the likelihood of getting the condition, illness, or disease if the recommended health behavior is not adopted

Question 23

Perceived Severity

Answer 23

one’s opinion of the seriousness or severity of the contition, illness, or disease likely to be acquired if the recommended health behavior is not adopted

Question 24

Perceived Benefits

Answer 24

one’s opion on how effective the recommended health behavior is in reducing the risk or seriousness of the condition, illness, or disease.

Question 25

Perceived Barriers

Answer 25

one’s opinion of the costs associated with taking the recommended action

Question 26

cues to action

Answer 26

strategies to activate and encourage recommended health behaviors

Question 27

Self-Efficacy

Answer 27

Confidence in one’s ability to perform the recommended health behaviors effectively

Question 28

Self-Efficacy Theory

Answer 28

people’s beliefs about their capabilities are a better predictor of their accomplishments than are their actual knowledge, skills, or past accomplishments.

Question 29

four ways to increase self-efficacy

Answer 29

1. Performance Attainment
2. Vicarious experience
3. verbal persuasion
4. physiological state

Question 30

Goal Setting Theory

Answer 30

A conceptualization of how one successfully achieves goals. Among considerations are the difficulty of the goal, proximal, and distal goals, and self-efficacy

Question 31

3 steps of goal setting theory

Answer 31

1. how difficult is the goal?
2. Set proximal goals on the way to distal goal
3. high self-efficacy

Question 32

4 steps of Motivational Interviewing

Answer 32

1. express empathy
2. develop discrepancy
3. roll with resistance
4. support self-efficacy

Question 33

Theory of reasoned action

Answer 33

behavioral intentions are predictors of success

Question 34

theory of planned behavior

Answer 34

adds the variable of amount of perceived control