Chapter 18

Question 1

“We cannot all live in cities”.

Answer 1

Horace Greeley

Question 2

The urban population increased sevenfold in the half-century after the Cvil War.

Answer 2

Rapid Urban Growth

Question 3

Defined as communities of 2,500 people or more.

Answer 3

“Urban”

Question 4

Why did the city attract so many people?

Answer 4

Offered conveniences, entertainments, and cultural experiences unavailable in rural communities.

Question 5

Provided people private social space that was difficult to obtain in small towns.

Answer 5

Cities

Question 6

Offered more and better-paying jobs than were available in rural America or in foreign economies many immigrants were fleeing.

Answer 6

Cities

Question 7

Created a higly competitive shipping industry, allowing Europeans and Asians to cross the oceans to America much more cheaply and quickly than they had in the past.

Answer 7

Steam-powered ocean liners

Question 8

Americans leaving behind agricultural regions of the East at a dramatic rate.

Answer 8

Geographic Migrations

Question 9

Had been essential for making clothes and other household goods, but those things were available to purchase in stores through catalogs.

Answer 9

Women

Question 10

Moved to the cities in search of work.

Answer 10

Women

Question 11

Their withdrawal was a testment to the poverty, debt, violence, and oppression African Americans encountered in the late 19th century rural South, b/c the opportunities they found in cities were limited.

Answer 11

Southern blacks

Question 12

Tended to work as cooks, janitors, domestic servants, and in other low-paying service occupations.

Answer 12

Urban blacks

Question 13

From where were some groups of immigrants that came from abroad?

Answer 13

Canada, Mexico, Latin America, China and Japan

Question 14

From where were the new arrivals of immigrants after 1880?

Answer 14

Southeastern and eastern Europe; Italians, Greeks, Slavs, Slovaks, Russian Jews, Armenians, and others

Question 15

What two specific groups came to the U.S. to farm or work as businessmen?

Answer 15

Germans and Scandinavians

Question 16

Was the U.S. dominating in only a single nation group?

Answer 16

No

Question 17

From where were these groups of immigrants coming in the last 4 decades of the 19th century?

Answer 17

Italy, Germany, Scandinavia, Austria, Hungary, Russia, Great Britain, Ireland, Poland, Greece, Canada, Japan, China, Holland, Mexico, and many more

Question 18

Ethnic communities.

Answer 18

Immigrant Ghettos

Question 19

The strength of ethnoc ties had to compete against what?

Answer 19

Desire for assimilation

Question 20

First generation immigrations working hard to rid themselves of all vestiges of their old culture to retain the dream of becoming Americans.

Answer 20

Americanization