Chapter 18

Question 1

Naturally acquired immunity?

Answer 1

Adaptative (specific) immunity acquired through natural exposure

Question 2

Artificial acquired immunity?

Answer 2

Immunity acquired through non-natural events

Question 3

Antiserum?

Answer 3

Antibodies against infectious agents

Question 4

Antitoxin?

Answer 4

Antibodies against toxin

Question 5

Vaccine?

Answer 5

Preparation of a disease-causing organism or agent or the products of the organism or agent

Question 6

Epitope?

Answer 6

Portion of the antigen molecule that is recognized by the immune system

Question 7

What is Attenuated Vaccines?

Answer 7

Weakened form of the disease-causing organism or virus
Weak enough but can still replicate

General: antibody response, good cellular immunity, long term protection, one dose, injected/oral/nasal, low risk for mutation to virulence:”strong”
Ex: Sabin polio vaccine; US barely uses it

Question 8

I actives Vaccines?

Answer 8

A) Inactivated whole agent vaccines- killed organism or ok activated virus; can’t replicate

B) Inactivated fractions of the agent- protein subunit vaccines; polysaccharide vaccines (against bacteria; since capsid)
toxoid= inactivated toxins
Ex: Tetanus