Chapter 18 Flashcards
WHO defines Health Promotion as __
the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve their health
risk reduction (examples)
- eat healthy
- exercise 150 minutes/week
- immunizations
- maintain healthy weight
- avoid smoking
- limit alcohol
- wear seat belts and don’t speed
- improve strength to lessen falls
- prevent STI’s
leading causes of death for women in the U.S.
- heart disease (22.3%)
- cancer (21.6%)
- chronic respiratory disease (6%)
- stroke (6%)
- alzheimer’s disease (5%)
- accidents (3.9%)
- diabetes (2.7%)
- flu and pneumonia (2.2%)
- kidney disease (1.8%)
- septicemia (1.6%)
breast cancer screenings look for what genes?
BRACA1 and BRACA2
mammograms
- low dose x-ray
- takes image of breast
- each breast is done individually
- pressure is applied
what cannot be worn on the day of a mammagram
deodorant
powder
lotion
perfume
breast cancer: key to successful treatment
early detection
if abnormalities are found on a mammogram
- abnorms are examined by ultrasound
- biopsies may be necessary
BRACA1 & BRACA2: breast cancer risks
- gene mutation
- hereditary
if the woman is at an increased risk for breast cancer, what is recommended?
MRI
mammogram
visual signs of breast cancer
- lump
- skin dimpling
- change in how nipple looks: pulling in of the nipple
- change in skin color or texture
- clear or bloody fluid that leaks out of the nipple
cervical cancer screening
pap test: papanicolaou smear
pap test (smear)
- scraping done with brush or spatula
- sent to lab for analysis
- abnormal results followed up with further testing
best time to do a pap test?
5 days after end of menses
what is not allowed 48 hours prior to a pap test?
douching
tampons
creams
spermicides
vaginal meds
sex
