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Social Studies 8W > Chapter 17 (West Transformed) > Flashcards

Chapter 17 (West Transformed) Flashcards

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1
Q

Land set aside for native Americans to live

A

Reservation

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2
Q

Grants of land or money

A

Subsidy

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3
Q

African American veterans of the civil war

A

Buffalo Soldier

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4
Q

Tried to end Native Americans wandering and turn them into farmers

A

The Dawes Act

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5
Q

Herding and moving of cattle over long distances

A

Long drive

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6
Q

A town at the end of a cattle trail

A

Cow town

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7
Q

Moves herds north

A

Cow hand

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8
Q

Settlers who acquired free land from the government

A

Homesteader

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9
Q

Plains farmers

A

Sodbuster

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10
Q

Groups of farmers who met for lectures and other events

A

Grange

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11
Q

Claimed land before the official start time

A

Sooners

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12
Q

Found near mining camps

A

Boomtown

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13
Q

Spanish word for cowboy or cowhand

A

Vacquero

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14
Q

Groups of farmers who pool their money to purchase supplies

A

Cooperative

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15
Q

Pushed for social reforms

A

Populist Party

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16
Q

Flat land west of the Mississippi River

A

Great Plains

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17
Q

Unfenced land

A

Open range

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18
Q

Provided settlers 160 acres of public land

A

Homestead Act

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19
Q

An area where few people live

A

Frontier

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20
Q

Self appointed law keepers

A

Vigilante

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21
Q

African Americans who migrated to Kansas. It is the first general migration of blacks following the civil war.

A

Exoduster

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22
Q

Practiced in arid climates by planting drought resistent crops, or planting seeds deep in the ground

A

Dry farming

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23
Q

Railroads were important to the cattle industry because

A

Were able to move cattle

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24
Q

Dry farming allowed farmers to

A

harvest crops in dry areas

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25
Q

Cattle ranchers and farmers were often at odds with one another because

A

Farmers put up fences

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26
Q

Boomtowns were usually located near

A

mines

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27
Q

As farming technology improved farmers began to overproduce certain crops, which

A

lead to a surplus and lower prices

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28
Q

Farmers wanted to increase the money supply so that

A

grain prices would rise and they could pay off their debts.

29
Q

Two groups that were among the first to make the West a vital part of the US economy

A

RR builders and miners

30
Q

Vigilantes were eventually replaced by

A

sheriffs, marshals and judges

31
Q

RR companies wanted to build more tracks heading West because

A

that is where the boomtowns were located.

32
Q

The real mining boom in the US did no begin until 1848 in the state of

A

CA.

33
Q

Sutter’s Mill, CA was located in the modern day city of

A

Sacramento

34
Q

Of the following areas, which would you most likely find silver or gold?

A

Mountain range

35
Q

The famous cattle drives of the later 1800’s began in

A

southern TX

36
Q

Cattle trails would move west as ______ moved farther west

A

trains

37
Q

A cattle drive would typically take

A

2-3 months

38
Q

Americans would underestimated the value of the Great Plains called it the

A

Great American Desert

39
Q

Why were there more settlements west of the Rockies by 1850 than in the Great Plains?

A

Gold Rush (mining)

40
Q

This played a key role in the survival of the Plains Indians

A

Buffalo

41
Q

What improvement led to an increase in the number of cattle being ranched in the West around the time of the Civil War?

A

Trains

42
Q

Who taught American cowhands to rope and ride?

A

Vaqueros (Mexican cowboys)

43
Q

Which of the following DID the Native Americans use buffalo for?

A

Tepees (shelter), food, clothes, thread.

44
Q

What caused the US government to break its treaty promises with the Plains Indians?

A

miners & RR pushing west

45
Q

Of the 2 companies that built the transcontinental RR, this one started in Sacramento, CA

A

Central Pacific

46
Q

Of the 2 companies that built the transcontinental RR, this one started in Omaha, NE

A

Union Pacific

47
Q

Of the 2 companies that built the transcontinental RR, this one started on the Great Plains

A

Union Pacific

48
Q

Of the 2 companies that built the transcontinental RR, this one started in Sierra, NV

A

Central Pacific

49
Q

The Gold Rush put John Sutter out of business because

A

large crowds over ran his land and destroyed everything.

50
Q

The man who promoted the myth of the Wild West through his traveling road show was

A

Buffalo Bill Cody

51
Q

Cattle ranching and mining had this in common

A

use of low paid laborers

52
Q

This caused the deaths of millions of cattle in 1886 and 1887

A

Very hot summers and frigid winters.

53
Q

Which half of the US had greater amount of rainfall?

A

East

54
Q

Which half of the US was less suitable for farming?

A

West

55
Q

Which half of the US had more desert areas?

A

West

56
Q

Which half of the US had the Homestead Act targeted this area for farming?

A

East

57
Q

Which half of the US had more mountain area?

A

West

58
Q

Which half of the US was dry farming popular?

A

West

59
Q

Which half of the US was cattle selling for $40/head?

A

East

60
Q

Which half of the US had the Great Plains?

A

West

61
Q

What is the order of groups that settled in the West?

A

Native American, Mexicans, Miners, Ranchers, Farmers

62
Q

Describe the “situational irony” in the story of either John Sutter, Sam Brannen, or the amount of time and track laid between the Union Pacific Central Pacific Railroads.

A

John Sutter: Expected to be rich, but he ended up poor

Sam Brannen: Expected to be poor, but he ended up rich

63
Q

Explain the Manifest Destiny played in the settling of the West by Americans.

A

The nation needed more land for its growing population
Americans could bring growth and democracy to places where it didn’t exist
That Americans taking over the West was blessed by God because it was morally right

64
Q

Explain why there was a need for vigilantes in the West.

A

There weren’t sheriffs or marshals.

65
Q

Explain why the famous picture of driving of the golden spike completing the Transcontinental Railroad was so famous.

A

It showed the emotions and sense of fulfillment of the completion after 6 years. It also showed the immigrant workforce that worked on it.

66
Q

Explain why the Great Plains is called the “bread basket” of the country.

A

There is an immense amount of grain produced in that area of the country.

67
Q

Explain how the buffalo was the “Wal-Mart” of the Great Plains

A

The buffalo had many uses including food, clothing, shelter (tepees) and tools.

68
Q

List the 3 groups of Americans who settled in the West. Be able to describe:

1) Areas in the West they settled
2) Motivation for moving there
3) Hardships they encountered while out West

A

Miners:
1) West of the Rocky Mountains
2) Gold Rush, Silver Mining
3) Ore was deep underground
—————————————————-
Ranchers:
1) Texas, Kansas, Missouri, Wyoming
2) Open Grasslands
3) Bad Weather and diseases killed cattle
Farmers put up fences eliminating the open prairie.
—————————————————-
Farmers:
1) Great Plains
2) Homestead Act
3) Water was scarce

Social Studies 8W (7 decks)

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