Chapter 17: Group 17 Elements Flashcards
Why does fluorine always have an oxidation state of -1 in its compounds?
Electronegativity increases across a period, and decreases down a group. Therefore, fluorine has the highest electronegativity out of all of the elements. Because fluorine has seven valence electrons, it only needs one more electron to achieve a noble gas configuration. Therefore, it will be more likely to pull off an electron from a nearby atom.
Find Oxidation state of the halogen in HOCl
+1 (Hydrogen has +1, Oxygen has -2) Therefore, in order to achieve a zero charge chlorine has to have +1
Find Oxidation state of the halogen in KIO3
+5 (Potassium has +1, Oxygen has -2) Therefore, in order to achieve a zero charge Iodine has to have +5
Find Oxidation state of the halogen in F2
0 (Elemental forms always have an oxidation state of 0)
What are three uses of chlorine?
Disinfecting water, pesticides, and medical products
Which group 17 element(s) exist(s) as a solid in room temperature?
Iodine and astatine
Does the boiling point and melting point, increase or decrease down the group of halogens?
Increases
Does electronegativity increase or decrease down the group of halogens?
Decreases
Does ionization energy increase or decrease down the group of halogens?
Decreases
What are some applications of the following halogen:
Fluorine
Fluorine is very reactive, it serves many industrial purposes such as being a key component of plastic polytetrafluoroethylene and CFCs used as refrigerant and propellants (discontinues because its bad for environment) Used in toothpaste, and is associate with generating nuclear power. Fluoroquinolones are antibiotics.
What are some applications of the following halogen:
Chlorine
Disinfects drinking water and swimming pools. Is the main component in bleach (sodium hypochlorite NaClO). Hydrochloric acid is used commonly in laboratories. Is used to make PVC. Used to sterilized hospital equipment and limit infection growth.
What are some applications of the following halogen:
Bromine
Bromine is used as a flame retardant because of its fire resistant properties. It is used in pesticides but has been discontinued because it is harmful to the ozone. Other uses include the production of photography film, fire extinguishers, and drugs treating pneumonia and Alzheimer’s disease.
What are some applications of the following halogen:
Iodine
Iodine is important in the proper functioning of the thyroid gland of the body. If the body does not receive adequate iodine, a goiter( enlarge thyroid) will form. Table salt now has iodine to promote proper thyroid hormone functioning. Iodine is commonly found in disinfectant sprays, in addition silver iodine is important for photography development.
What are some applications of the following halogen:
Astatine
Radioactive and rare, there are no proven
