Chapter 15: Group 15 Elements Flashcards
How much of the earth’s crust is made up of nitrogen?
0.002% of Earth’s crust is made of nitrogen
How much of earth’s crust is made p of phosphorus?
Earth’s crust is made up of 0.11% of Phosphorus.
What kind of bond does N2 have?
N2 has triple covalent bond that is strong and hard to break
How are red phosphorus and white phosphorus related to each other?
- Red phosphorus and white phosphorus are both allotropes of phosphorus.
- Red phosphorus comes from white phosphorus, when it is heated to about 573 Kelvin.
What is the electron configuration of arsenic?
[Ar] 4s^2 3d^10 4p^3
Does bismuth have metallic properties or nonmetallic properties?
-Bismuth has metallic properties
Nitrogen and phosphorus are metals. [T/F]
-False; both nitrogen and phosphorus are nonmetals.
Which Group 15 element has a greatest atomic radius?
-According to periodic trends, bismuth has the greatest atomic radius.
Which Group 15 element is the strongest reducing agent?
-According to periodic trends, bismuth is the strongest reducing agent since it has an electronegativity value of 1.9 which is the same as Antimony but it has a lower ionization energy of 703 kJ/mol which means it is more likely to get oxidized.
Bismuth exhits the most metallic character. [T/F]
-True; Bismuth is the only metallic element of Group 15
What is the most common physical form of nitrogen?
-The most common physical form of nitrogen is a colorless gas.
What is the process in which nitrogen can convert into ammonia?
-The process of converting nitrogen into ammonia is known as the Haber-Bosch process.
Which element has the highest first ionization energy in Group 15?
-According to periodic trends, nitrogen would have the highest first ionization energy.
Complete and balance the following reaction:
N2(g) + H2 (g) ——–>
N2(g) + 3H2 (g) ———> 3NH3 (g)
What is the common oxidation state of all Group 15 elements?
-3
What are the different isotopes of Nitrogen
-Stable forms include: Nitrogen-14 and Nitrogen-15
List the oxidation states of various nitrogen oxides:
+1,+2,+3,+4,+5 respectively
What are some uses of ammonia?
-Fertilizers, explosives, and through a process known as the Ostwalk process, nitric acid (HNO3)
Why are only 2 of the radioactive phosphorus isotopes useful for practical applications? What are the mass numbers of these isotopes?
- Only two of the radioactive phosphorus isotopes have half-lives that last over a few minutes.
- These isotopes are Phosphorus-32 and Phosphorus-33. The rest of the isotopes wouldn’t last long enough!!!
Draw the structure for Phosphorus Trichloride:
-PCl3 has a tetrahedral structure similar to that of P4
List all of the allotropes of phosphorus. Which are the most common?
- White phosphorus, red phosphorus, violet phosphorus, and Black phosphorus.
- White and red are the most common.
What are some uses for Gallium Arsenide the electronic industry?
-Infrared light-emitting diodes, laser diodes, solar cells…..
Arsenic is more like antimony than phosphorus? [T?F]
-True; both arsenic and antimony are metalloids.
Arsenic trioxide can be prepared by chlorination of arsenic at 80-85 C. What is the reaction?
2 As + 3 Cl2 ———> 2 AsCl3
Bismuth compounds account for about half the production of bismuth. They are used in _________.
-Cosmetics, pigments, and a few pharmaceuticals, e.g. Pepto-Bismol.
This test is highly sensitive method in the detection of arsenic, especially useful in the field of forensic toxicology when arsenic was used as a poison.
-Marsh Test
Complete and balance the following equation:
N2+H2 –>
N2+3H2 –> 2NH3 (Haber process)
Complete and balance the following equation:
CO2 + NH3 + H2O–>
CO2 + NH3 + H2O –> (NH4)HCO3
Complete and balance the following equation:
Mg + N2 –>
3Mg +N2 –> Mg3N2
