Chapter 16: Group 16 Elements Flashcards
What properties increase down the oxygen family?
Melting Point, Boiling Point, Density, Atomic Radius, and Ion Radius
What elements can form the most allotropes in the periodic table?
Sulfur
What is photoconductivity and which elements display this property?
Photoconductivity is when the electrical conductivity of an element increases in the presence of light. Both Selenium and Tellurium display this property.
Ozone (O3) is a contributor to smog: True or False
True. Ozone is a powerful oxidant and has many industrial and consumer applications related to oxidation.
This same high oxidizing potential, however, causes the ozone to damage mucous and respiratory tissues in animals, and also tissues in plants, above concentrations of about 100ppb.This makes the ozone a potential respiratory hazard and pollutant near ground level.
How many electrons do elements in the Oxygen family have in their outermost shell? What does the term “peroxide” refer to?
6 electrons. A compound that contains oxygen in the oxidation state of -1.
How man elements in the Oxygen family are metals, and which one(s)?
1, Pollonium
What is the most common oxidation state for elements in the Oxygen family?
-2
What is the most abundant element by mass in the Earth’s crust and in the human body?
Oxygen
Polonium is radioactive and a strong alpha-emitter. True or False?
True
Do alkali metals react with oxygen?
Yes, All the alkali metals react directly with oxygen; lithium and sodium form monoxides, Li2O and Na2O, and the heavier alkali metals form superoxides, MO2.
Which transition metals do not react with oxygen?
Oxygen is unreactive with gold, aluminum, and platinum
Give the reaction for the production of sulfur trioxide.
2SO2(g) + O2(g) –> 2SO3(g)
Choose the incorrect statement:
a) Sulfur produces cellophane and rayon
b) Standard sulfur is hydrophobic
c) SO2 can oxidize to SO3
d) Sulfur influences the development of acid rain and industrial smog
e) All of the above are correct
A. Sulfur produces cellophane and rayon. Cellophane is a thin transparent sheet made of regenerated cellulose. Rayon is a manufactured regenerated cellulose fiber.
Describe selenium’s property of photoconductivity?
Selenium’s ability to change light energy into electrical energy increases as light intensity increases.
Does selenium react with hydrogen? If so what compound is produced?
Yes, selenium reacts with hydrogen and forms hydrogen selenide H2Se
Describe selenium’s purpose as a trace element.
Selenium is important in the health of plants and animals, but is only safe in small amounts. Too much selenium can be toxic and cause serious health problems.
What are some common uses for selenium?
Selenium is used in the glass-making industry and also in electronics. It is used in photo cells, solar cells, photocopiers, laser printers, and also photographic toners.
Does selenium react with oxygen? If so, write a reaction
Selenium burns in air and forms selenium dioxide. It is also able to form selenium trioxide.
Se8+8O2 –> 8SeO2
