Chapter 17 (Cold War) Flashcards
In the 1940-50’s, what did the region described as being “behind the iron curtain” include?
Soviet Union and its satellite nations
What was the name of the alliance established by European Communist nations in response to NATO?
Warsaw Pact
During the Cultural Revolution, who were the new heroes of China?
Peasants
What idea was the major justification for US foreign policy during the Cold War era?
Domino Theory
Which exiled leader led the religious opposition to Western Influences in Iran?
Ayatollah al-Khomeini
What European countries could receive aid through the Marshall Plan?
Any European country that needed it
What event increased US spending on education and technology?
Soviet launching of a space satellite
What economic system was used to reshape China’s economy after the civil war?
Communism
Tactics used by the superpowers during the Cold War to influence Third World nations:
- sponsored revolutions and counterrevolutions
- engaged in covert operations
- provided military aid and built schools
Why did the US shift from a policy of brinkmanship to detente?
The country needed to heal its internal conflicts over Vietnam
Which of the following circumstances contributed to the breakdown of the alliance between the US and USSR?
Stalins unfulfilled promise of free election
Which of the following worked together to produce similar goals?
Truman Doctrine and containment
What were the long term effects of the Cultural Revolution?
Widespread chaos that closed down factories and threatened farm production
What unexpected turn of events occurred in postwar Vietnam involving the US?
Vietnam eventually accepted foreign investment from the US
What was the primary goal of the USSR’s invasion of Afghanistan?
To reestablish the Communist regime in Afghanistan
What was the purpose of the Truman Doctrine?
To support countries that rejected Communism
Which 2 groups fought a civil war in China before and after WWII?
The nationalists and communist
When did Chinese troops enter the war in Korea?
When the fighting neared China’s border?
What were Third World countries?
Developing countries not aligned with US or USSR
What was the Strategic Defense System? (SDI)
A system to protect the US against enemy missiles
What led to the Soviets to blockade West Berlin?
a reunification of the three western zones of Germany
Which leader won China’s civil war?
Mao Zedong
What name did Mao Zedong give to China?
The Peoples Republic of China
During the war in Korea, what did President Truman and Douglas MacArthur disagree strongly about?
The use of nuclear weapons
Who were most of the Vietcong?
Pro-Communist (South Vietnamese)
How did the Cold War cause a change in US policy toward Nicaragua?
The US gave aid to the Sandinistas but withdrew support when they aided Marxists rebels in El Salvador
What statement did Joseph Stalin make shortly after President Truman’s succession?
He said that communism and capitalism could not coexist in the same world
In what way did the existence of 2 China’s intensify the Cold War between the US and the USSR?
- China and USSR were military allies
- US and USSR fought for greater influence in Asia (creating a divided Korea)
- US supported the Republic of China while the USSR supported Peoples Republic of China
What actions did General MacArthur take during the Koren War that immediately led to his discharge?
Attempted house the press and Congress to go over the Presidents head
How did the “Bay of Pigs” failure lead to the Cuban missile crisis?
Khrushchev believed the US was too weak to oppose Soviet expansion into Cuba
How did Brezhnev’s leadership of the Soviet Union differ from that of Khrushchev?
Brezhnev repressed dissent at home and abroad more than Khrushchev had
