Chapter 17 (Cold War)

Question 1

In the 1940-50’s, what did the region described as being “behind the iron curtain” include?

Answer 1

Soviet Union and its satellite nations

Question 2

What was the name of the alliance established by European Communist nations in response to NATO?

Answer 2

Warsaw Pact

Question 3

During the Cultural Revolution, who were the new heroes of China?

Answer 3

Peasants

Question 4

What idea was the major justification for US foreign policy during the Cold War era?

Answer 4

Domino Theory

Question 5

Which exiled leader led the religious opposition to Western Influences in Iran?

Answer 5

Ayatollah al-Khomeini

Question 6

What European countries could receive aid through the Marshall Plan?

Answer 6

Any European country that needed it

Question 7

What event increased US spending on education and technology?

Answer 7

Soviet launching of a space satellite

Question 8

What economic system was used to reshape China’s economy after the civil war?

Answer 8

Communism

Question 9

Tactics used by the superpowers during the Cold War to influence Third World nations:

Answer 9

• sponsored revolutions and counterrevolutions
• engaged in covert operations
• provided military aid and built schools

Question 10

Why did the US shift from a policy of brinkmanship to detente?

Answer 10

The country needed to heal its internal conflicts over Vietnam

Question 11

Which of the following circumstances contributed to the breakdown of the alliance between the US and USSR?

Answer 11

Stalins unfulfilled promise of free election

Question 12

Which of the following worked together to produce similar goals?

Answer 12

Truman Doctrine and containment

Question 13

What were the long term effects of the Cultural Revolution?

Answer 13

Widespread chaos that closed down factories and threatened farm production

Question 14

What unexpected turn of events occurred in postwar Vietnam involving the US?

Answer 14

Vietnam eventually accepted foreign investment from the US

Question 15

What was the primary goal of the USSR’s invasion of Afghanistan?

Answer 15

To reestablish the Communist regime in Afghanistan

Question 16

What was the purpose of the Truman Doctrine?

Answer 16

To support countries that rejected Communism

Question 17

Which 2 groups fought a civil war in China before and after WWII?

Answer 17

The nationalists and communist

Question 18

When did Chinese troops enter the war in Korea?

Answer 18

When the fighting neared China’s border?

Question 19

What were Third World countries?

Answer 19

Developing countries not aligned with US or USSR

Question 20

What was the Strategic Defense System? (SDI)

Answer 20

A system to protect the US against enemy missiles

Question 21

What led to the Soviets to blockade West Berlin?

Answer 21

a reunification of the three western zones of Germany

Question 22

Which leader won China’s civil war?

Answer 22

Mao Zedong

Question 23

What name did Mao Zedong give to China?

Answer 23

The Peoples Republic of China

Question 24

During the war in Korea, what did President Truman and Douglas MacArthur disagree strongly about?

Answer 24

The use of nuclear weapons

Question 25

Who were most of the Vietcong?

Answer 25

Pro-Communist (South Vietnamese)

Question 26

How did the Cold War cause a change in US policy toward Nicaragua?

Answer 26

The US gave aid to the Sandinistas but withdrew support when they aided Marxists rebels in El Salvador

Question 27

What statement did Joseph Stalin make shortly after President Truman’s succession?

Answer 27

He said that communism and capitalism could not coexist in the same world

Question 28

In what way did the existence of 2 China’s intensify the Cold War between the US and the USSR?

Answer 28

• China and USSR were military allies
• US and USSR fought for greater influence in Asia (creating a divided Korea)
• US supported the Republic of China while the USSR supported Peoples Republic of China

Question 29

What actions did General MacArthur take during the Koren War that immediately led to his discharge?

Answer 29

Attempted house the press and Congress to go over the Presidents head

Question 30

How did the “Bay of Pigs” failure lead to the Cuban missile crisis?

Answer 30

Khrushchev believed the US was too weak to oppose Soviet expansion into Cuba

Question 31

How did Brezhnev’s leadership of the Soviet Union differ from that of Khrushchev?

Answer 31

Brezhnev repressed dissent at home and abroad more than Khrushchev had