Chapter 17 - Cell Reproduction and Differentation Flashcards
1
Q
- What would be the outcome if a cell completed mitosis but did not undergo cytokinesis?
a. The cell would have two nuclei.
b. The cell would have one nucleus but twice as many
chromosomes.
c. The cell would be cancerous.
d. The cell would die.
A
A
2
Q
- Which of the following cell types are most likely to remain in G0?
a. neurons
b. skin cells
c. bone marrow cells
d. cells lining the GI tract
A
A
3
Q
- Which of the following statements about genes is incorrect?
a. A gene is a short segment of DNA.
b. Each gene contains the code for only one protein.
c. A gene is the smallest functional unit of DNA.
d. Genes can code for more than one protein.
A
B
4
Q
- During which stages of the cell cycle do chromosomes consist of two sister chromatids?
a. G1
b. G2
c. prophase of mitosis
d. both (b) and (c)
A
D
5
Q
- Which of the following is listed in order from smallest to largest?
a. gene—nucleotide—chromosome—genome
b. nucleotide—gene—chromosome—genome
c. genome—gene—chromosome—nucleotide
d. nucleotide—chromosome—genome
A
B
6
Q
- What might be a likely outcome if a mutation occurred in a promoter region of a gene, such that it was no longer recognized by RNA polymerase?
a. The DNA would not be replicated.
b. The protein encoded by that gene would not be synthesized.
c. The cell would not be able to produce any proteins.
d. The gene would be transcribed normally.
A
B
7
Q
- Which is likely to be the shortest chain of nucleotides?
a. the DNA of a gene
b. the primary transcript of the gene
c. the mRNA
d. DNA, the primary transcript of the gene, and mRNA all contain the same number of nucleotides.
A
C
8
Q
- How many different amino acids could be encoded if the genetic code was a doublet code (two bases) instead of a triplet code?
a. 2
b. 4
c. 8
d. 16
A
D
9
Q
- What is the most likely target of cell surveillance as a cell approaches the M (metaphase) checkpoint?
a. Has all of the DNA been replicated?
b. Has the DNA been checked for errors following replication?
c. Is each chromosome properly joined to the mitotic spindle?
d. Is the cell large enough?
A
C
10
Q
- Why do cells within an organism differentiate, such that one cell may eventually become a liver cell and another will become an epithelial cell?
a. Cells differentiate because of differences in gene expression.
b. Cells differentiate because different genes within them encode for different proteins.
c. Cells differentiate because of crossing-over, a random process.
d. Cells differentiate because of differences in genetic code.
A
A
11
Q
- Which of the following cloning methods was used in 1997 for cloning Dolly the sheep?
a. embryo splitting
b. therapeutic cloning
c. production of undifferentiated cells from mature cells
d. somatic cell nuclear transfer
A
D
12
Q
- At which point in the cell cycle are cells the smallest?
a. the beginning of G1
b. S
c. G2
d. the beginning of mitosis
A
A
13
Q
13. By the end of meiosis II, a cell that had entered meiosis I with 32 chromosomes would have produced \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ daughter cells, which are genetically \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and which each has \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ chromosomes. a. 2 . . . identical . . . 32 b. 2 . . . identical . . . 16 c. 4 . . . nonidentical . . . 16 d. 4 . . . identical . . . 32
A
C
14
Q
- Translation occurs in the ____, where the ____ produce ____ from RNA.
a. nucleus . . . ribosomes . . . proteins
b. cytoplasm . . . chromosomes . . . proteins
c. nucleus . . . genes . . . poteins
d. cytoplasm . . . ribosomes . . . proteins
A
D
15
Q
- How does the production of sperm differ from the production of eggs?
a. Sperm production involves meiosis, whereas egg production involves only mitosis.
b. Meiosis during sperm production produces four sperm cells, whereas meiosis during egg production produces only one functional egg cell.
c. Sperm are haploid, whereas eggs are diploid.
d. Sperm production begins during fetal development, whereas the meiotic process that begins egg production doesn’t begin until puberty
A
B
