Chapter 17 Blood Flashcards

1
Q

Whole blood contains…

A

Erythrocytes, RBC
Leukocytes, WBC
Platelets
Plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Plasma consists of

A
Water
Electrolytes
Proteins (Albumin)
Nutrients
Respiratory Gases
Hormones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Blood plasma functions

A

Transport nutrients, hormones, proteins, enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Erythrocyte function

A

Transporting respiratory gases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Composed of pigment heme and protein globin. Can carry 4 molecules of oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Benefits of hemoglobin being contained in erythrocytes

A
  1. Prevents hemoglobin from breaking into fragments that leak out of bloodstream
  2. Prevents blood from being more viscous and raising osmotic pressure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Chemical composition of hemoglobin

A

4 polypeptide chains, two alpha, two beta

Each chain bears a heme group with an iron atom in hte center

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where are blood cells made?

A

Red bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What hormone stimulates erythrocyte formation?

A

Erythropoietin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Anemia

A

When the blood’s oxygen carrying capacity is too low to support a normal metabolism.
Caused by blood cells, underproduction of RBC, overkilling of RBC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Polycythemia

A

Abnormal excess of erythrocytes that increases blood viscosity and causes blood to flow sluggishly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Neutrophils

A

Multilobed nucleus, red and blue granules,

phagocytize bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas

A
Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Eosinophils

A

Bi-lobed nucleus, spiderman,

Kill parasitic worms, complex role in allergy and asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Basophil

A

Dotty cytoplasm, rarest leukocyte,

Release histamine, contain heparine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Lymphocyte

A

Big ass nucleus,

Mount immune response

17
Q

T Cells (T lymphocytes)

A

act directly against virus-infected skills

18
Q

B Cells (B lymphocyte)

A

produce antibodies

19
Q

Monocyte

A

Largest leukocytes, pac man,

Phagocytosis, develop into macrophages when they move into tissues

20
Q

3 Steps of Hemostasis

A
  1. Vascular spasm - vasoconstriction
  2. Platelet plug formation - platelet aggregate
  3. Coagulation - Fibrin mesh forms and traps RBC, forms clot
21
Q

Intrinsic pathway

A

Factors for clotting are inside the blood.
Triggered by negatively charged surfaces like platelets, collagen, glass
Slower

22
Q

Extrinsic

A

Factors for clotting are outside of the blood
Triggered by exposing blood to factor III
Faster

23
Q

Fibrinolysis

A

process that removes unneeded blood clot

24
Q

What is used to restore blood volume?

A

Normal saline or Ringer’s solution

25
Three transporting functions of blood
1. Delivering oxygen and nutrient 2. Transporting metabolic waste 3. Transporting hormones
26
Three regulation functions of blood
1. Regulating body temperature 2. Regulating normal pH 3. Maintaining proper blood volume in circulatory system
27
Two protective functions of blood
1. Preventing blood loss | 2. Preventing infection