Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Urine > Chapter 17 > Flashcards

Chapter 17 Flashcards

1
Q

Most heart failure is caused by

A

Hypertension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Other causes of heart failure

A 
Myocardial infarction 
coronary artery disease substance-abuse 
heart valve disease 
congenital defects cardiac 
infections 
inflammation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Signs and symptoms

Olguria decreased urine output in day
Weak pulse
Fatigue
Weak
Angina
Paleness
Coll extremities
A

LEFT SIDE HEART FAILURE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Stretching of the muscle cause my blood filling. The left ventricle

A

Preloaded

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Pressure in the aorta that the left ventricle must overcome before blood to move into the aKeta

A

After load

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Average systolic blood pressure in the large artery

Including the aorta

A

MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE

MAP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Average map range

A

70-100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The map is too low

A

And organs will not receive enough blood to ensure oxygenation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What happens my map is too high

A

The left ventricle has to work harder to move the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Result is congestion of the logs decreased lung function and difficulty breathing

A

Blood in the left side of heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q 
Signs and symptoms of 
jugular distention 
enlarged liver and spleen 
anorexia and nausea 
distended abdomen 
 swollen hands and fingers 
increase urine output
 weight gain
A

Right by heart failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The body has ways to compensate for heart failure.
In response to tissue hypoxia the sympathetic nervous system is stimulating and the hormones ——- and Nero epinephrine are released

A

epinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Sympathetic nervous system stimulation also causes what

A

Arterial vasoconstriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Sympathetic nervous system stimulation also called arterial vasoconstriction which release epinephrine which helps maintain the blood pressure and improve blood flow to the tissues

A

Compensation mechanism for heart failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Treating the cause of heart failure
Controlling factor is because it’s the worsted
Treating it’s symptoms

A

Treatment for heart failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

pril medication

A

ACE inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

First drug prescribed to treat heart failure

A

ACE INHIBITORS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

______pril

A

ACE INHIBITORS for heart failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Blocks the effects of epinephrine on the heart

They decrease the heart rate and force of heart contractions which results in a decrease in blood pressure

A

BETA BLOCKERS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Only the sub stain removal form of______ is used to treat heart failure

A

Metoprolol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

______lol

A

Betta blockers for heart failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Act directly on the peripheral arteries to cause them to dilate

Usually given to patients who cannot take ACE inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blocker’s

A

Vasodilator

23
Q

The vasodilator that is most commonly prescribed for heart failure is

A

Hydralazine

24
Q

HydrALAZINE

isosorbide dinitrate

Nitroglycerin

A

Vasodilator

25
Signs and symptoms of vasodilators
Tachycardia headache hypernatremia dizziness hypotension
26
Common side effects of hydralazine
Tachycardia and salt retention
27
Promise side effects of nitroglycerin and Isosorbide
Hypertension headache dizziness and tachycardia allergic reaction include skin rash especially on the face
28
Adverse effects Is shock with overdose Neutropenia is a acute disease marked by high fever and sharp drop in circulation of white blood cell
Hydralazine
29
Adverse affect Circulatory collapse and Sharp may occur with overdose
Nitroglycerin and isosorbide
30
When are you supposed to remove the nitroglycerin patch
During long periods of sleep
31
Monitor intake and output Check patient's feet and ankles were swelling Listen for crackles in the lungs Ask about headache or dizziness
What to do after giving vasodilators
32
Class of drugs that improve heart failure by slowing down a heart rate that is too fast allowing more time left ventricle it's a fill Used for maintenance therapy with heart failure
Cardiac glucoside | Same as digoxin
33
Contractibility is increased Cardiac output is increased Heart rate is decreasing
Digoxin | Same as cardiac glucoside
34
Signs and symptoms Heart rhythm disturbances Anorexia loss of appetite bradycardia
Digoxin
35
Adverse effect Loss of appetite diarrhea or vision problems
Digoxin | Same as cardiac glycosides
36
Overdose | Loss of appetite nausea vomiting and vision problems
Digoxin
37
Amiloride Spironlacton Triamterene
Potassium sparing diuretic
38
Increase water elimination and blood vessel dilation helpful when treating a patient with heart failure Given by the IV route and helps the body get rid of extra salt and water result lowering blood pressure Patient is less short of breath and has less Edema
Human btype naturetic pedtides
39
Nesiritide
Natriueric peptides
40
Adverse effect | Apnea
Nesiritide
41
What to do before giving nesiritide
Monitor the heart rate blood pressure and respiratory rate | Remember the apnea is a life-threatening ever is the fact of this drug
42
Makes the heart muscle contract more forcefully They also relax blood vessels so blood can flow better Given by IV to stimulate stronger heart contractions and keep blood circulating
Positive Inotropes
43
Inamrinone DOBUTamine DOPamine Milrinone
Positive inotropes
44
Inamrinone and milrinone Positive inotropes cause
Hypotension
45
And important electrolyte that is essential for the Healthy nervous system and a regular heart rhythm
Potassium
46
Major mineral that is the fourth most abundant mineral in the human body it helps with the heart rhythm and keep it steady
Magnesium
47
Potassium and magnesium side effects
Nausea vomiting diarrhea gas abdominal discomfort
48
Adverse effects | High potassium or magnesium levels can cause life-threatening ECG changes________wave and _______ heart rhythms
Peak T wave | Abnormal heart rhythm
49
Sources of potassium
``` Baked potato Tuna Spinach Sweet potato Tomato juice ```
50
Source of magnesium
``` Any type of nuts Bran cereal Pumpkin and squash seeds Spinach Whole-grain rice ```
51
If a potassium or magnesium supplement have been missed how soon should I take it
Within two hours never double doubles
52
When should you take potassium and magnesium supplements
With food or right after meals with a full glass of water or juice
53
What is the antidote for magnesium | What can you take to save you from an overdose
Calcium glucinity

Urine (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions