Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy II > Chapter 17 > Flashcards

Chapter 17 Flashcards

1
Q

Caused by any situation that upsets homeostasis and threatens one’s physical or emotional well being

A

stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Physical causes of stress

A

injury, surgery, infection, intense exercise, pain, greif, depression, anger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Chemical messengers that travel in the blood stream to other tissues and organs

A

hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Hypothalamus

A

TRH, CRH, GnRH, GHRH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Luteinizing hormone

A

the pituitary hormone that stimulates the testes to secrete testosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

follicle stimulating hormone

A

the hormone that stimulates sperm production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A condition defined as a disruption of a carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism resulting from hypo secretion or inaction of insulin is

A

diabetes mellitus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

peptide hormones

A

oxytocin, insulin, follicle stimulating hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pituitary

A

endocrine gland housed in sphenoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hormones secreted by the ovary

A

estradiol, inhibin, progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Peptides and catecholamines are hydrophilic and cannot penetrate a target cell. Therfore they bind to receptors on the…

A

cell surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pancreas

A

Endocrine gland that is an elongated, spongy gland located below and behind the stomach, and is primarily an exocrine digestive gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Steroid hormones enter the target cell nucleus and directly on the……. changing target cell physiology by either activating or inhibiting transcription

A

genes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Thyroid gland

A

the gland located immediately below the larynx that is shaped like a butterfly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

3 types of interactive effects hormones can have on their target cells

A

permissive, antagonistic, synergistic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Hormones classified as steroid hormones

A

testosterone, cortisol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cortisol

A

a potent glucocorticoid that stimulates fat and protein, catabolism, gluconeogenesis, and release of fatty acids into the blood

18
Q

Groups of hormones from the adrenal cortex that have various developmental and reproductive functions

A

sex steroids

19
Q

Target cells of insulin

A

liver, adipose, muscle

20
Q

Steroid hormones are derived from the precursor….

A

cholesterol

21
Q

List 2 main risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus

A

sedentary lifestyle, obesity

22
Q

thyroid hormone accelerates…

A

the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins

23
Q

Once a steroid or thyroid hormone binds to its receptor, the receptor-hormone complex associates with a target gene and controls gene…

A

transcription

24
Q

Stimulates the kidneys to retain sodium and excrete potassium

A

aldosterone

25
Q

Endocrine glands

A

Glands that secrete their product into interstitial fluid of blood

26
Q

List in order of occurrence, the stage of the general adaption syndrome (GAS)

A
  • alarm reaction
  • stage of resistance
  • stage of exhaustion
27
Q

List several hyper glycemic (raises blood glucose levels) hormones

A

epinephrine, glucagon, cortisol

28
Q

Hormone specificity

A

each hormone binds to only one receptor

29
Q

functions of testosterone

A

development of male physique, development of the male reproductive system, sex drive

30
Q

Pituitary cell type with the hormone

A 
somatropes= growth
lactotropes= prolactin
corticotropes= adrenocorticotropic hormone
gonadotropes= follicle-stimulating hormone
31
Q

Second- messenger system actions

A
  • hormone receptor binding activates G-protein
  • G-protein activates adenylate cyclase
  • adenylate cyclase produces cAMP
  • cAMP activates protein kinases
32
Q

hormones produced by liver

A

hepcidin, erythropoietin, insulin-like growth factor

33
Q

Thyroid stimulating hormone

A

the hormone that stimulates the secretion of thyroid hormone

34
Q

Calcitonin

A

The hormone that inhibits osteoclast activity and thus prevents an increase in blood calcium levels

35
Q

Congenital hypothyroidism

A

thyroid hyposecretion present from birth

36
Q

Aldosterone

A

The hormone produced by the zone glomerulosa of the adrenal gland that helps maintain blood pressure and blood volume

37
Q

Thyroxine

A

The thyroid hormone that is secreted in greatest quantity, with four iodine atoms

38
Q

List the substances secreted by pancreatic islet cells

A

glucagon, insulin, somatostatin

39
Q

List the catecholamines secreted by the adrenal medulla

A

epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine

40
Q

The action of the catecholamines is to

A

increase alertness and prepare the body for physical activity

41
Q

The kidneys secrete the hormones

A

erythropoietin, calcitrol

Anatomy II (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions