Chapter 17 Flashcards
Which statement made by a seminar participant indicates that the speaker needs to further clarify teaching about environmental principles?
a. “Everything is connected to everything else.”
b. “Everything has to go somewhere.”
c. “The solution to pollution is prosecution.”
d. “Today’s solution may be tomorrow’s problem.”
c. “The solution to pollution is prosecution.”
Which scenario exemplifies the CHN’s practice of secondary prevention to reduce environmental health risks?
a. Collecting blood specimens from preschool children to check for lead levels.
b. Meeting with local government officials to request that the city clean up a contaminated vacant lot.
c. Referring a child diagnosed with toxic lead levels to a neurologist.
d. Teaching the parents of a 2-year-old about the dangers of lead-based paint in older homes.
a. Collecting blood specimens from preschool children to check for lead levels.
Primary prevention = “Let’s stop anyone from getting it in the first place.”
Secondary prevention = “Someone might already have it—we just don’t know yet.”
Tertiary prevention = “Yep, they’ve got it—now let’s manage it.”
Primary prevention = stop it before it starts
• Goal: prevent exposure entirely
• Example: Teaching parents about lead paint (that’s answer d)
• Also: legislation, environmental cleanup, public policy
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Secondary prevention = early detection and screening
• Goal: catch it early before symptoms or damage
• Example: Testing blood for lead levels (that’s answer a)
• This is your screenings, lab tests, well-child visits
• The kid might look totally fine, but you’re fishing for early warning signs
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Tertiary prevention = manage it once the damage is done
• Goal: reduce complications, restore function
• Example: Referring a child with lead toxicity to a neurologist (that’s answer c)
• This is rehab, specialty care, managing chronic effects
Which scenario exemplifies the occupational health nurse’s practice of primary prevention to improve health outcomes from environmental health risks?
a. Using radiation detectors to detect unsafe levels of radiation exposure.
b. Irrigating the eyes of an employee who has had a chemical splash to the face.
c. Teaching new employees who will work outdoors aout the signs and symptoms of heat-related illness.
d. Using spirometry to rule out obstructive or restrictive lung disease in workers before they start using mask respirators.
c. Teaching new employees who will work outdoors aout the signs and symptoms of heat-related illness.
What is an example of risk communication?
a. Interpreting and applying environmental health principles.
b. Responding in scientifically sound and humanely sensitive ways to community concerns.
c. Proposing, informing, and monitoring action from agencies, communities, and organization perspectives.
d. Detecting potential and actual exposed pathways and outcomes for clients cared for in acute , chronic care, and healthy communities.
a. Interpreting and applying environmental health principles.
A chemical company executive asks a new public health department employee about obtaining a permit to build a new factory. Which employee statement would be the biggest cause for concern?
a. “If your operation employs fewer than 20 employees, you will be exempt from the requirement to obtain a permit.”
b. “granting permits is a mechanism for controlling pollution by regulating the operations and procedures of a facility.”
c. “this process may take a long time because your plans will need to be studied by the engineers and other specialists.”
d. “You will need to submit an application detailing how your factory will operate.”
a. “If your operation employs fewer than 20 employees, you will be exempt from the requirement to obtain a permit.”
The CHN is examining blood lead levels in school-aged children one year after a community wide education intervention. What term identifies this phase of the nursing process?
a. Assessment
b. diagnosis
c. intervention
d. evaluation
d. evaluation.
In order to increase the proportion of noninstitutionalized adults who are vaccinated annually against influenza, an NP has established a mobile clinic. WHat part of the nursing process is fulfilled by delivering immunization services?
a. Goal setting
b. Planning
c. Intervention
d. Evaluation
c. Intervention
A community member reports to a CHN in the public health department that the city’s water has had an unusual taste for the past few months. What is the best CHN action?
a. Advocate with or lobby decision makers.
b. Consult the Canadian Partnership for Children’s Health and Environment.
c. Check the most recent report on water quality in the community.
d. Place a call to the poison control centre.
c. Check the most recent report on water quality in the community.
Local inspections of restaurants are conducted by which level of government?
a. local and regional boards of health
b. Environment Canada
c. Provincial/territorial Ministry of Labour
d. Health Canada
a. local and regional boards of health
A farm worker reports an onset of wheezing, abdominal cramping, and fatigue, Assuming that the cause is environmental, what will the CHN consider to be the most likely cause?
a. Carbon monoxide poisoning
b. Lead poisoning
c. Organophosphate toxicity
d. Sulphur dioxide exposure.
c. Organophosphate toxicity
- A type of agricultural pesticide.
When a concerned citizen asks the CHN about environmental health, what definition of environmental health does the CHN provide?
a. Environmental health is the causative factors invading a susceptible host through an environment favorable to producing disease, such as a biological or chemical agent.
b. Environmental health is the systemic and ongoing observation and collection of data concerning disease occurrence to describe phenomena and detect changes in frequency or distribution.
c. Environmental health is the study of the effect of physical, chemical and biological factors in the external environment on human health.
d. Environmental health is the achievement of health and wellness and the prevention of illness and injury from exposure to physical and psychosocial environmental hazards.
d. Environmental health is the achievement of health and wellness and the prevention of illness and injury from exposure to physical and psychosocial environmental hazards.
A CHN desires greater understanding of the physiological effects of selected chemicals on humans. Which specialist would provide the best source of information about this subject
a. A chemist
b. An epidemiologist
c. A pharmacologist
d. A toxicologist.
d. A toxicologist.
What is the first step to understanding the potential environmental health risks in a community in order to conduct an environmental health assessment?
a. Conduct a health risk assessment of randomly selected individuals.
b. Perform a windshield survey.
c. Review facility permits and consumer confidence reports.
d. Survey community members.
b. Perform a windshield survey.
