Chapter 17

Question 1

explain why groups 14 and 15 are better representations of mixed groups than groups 13 and 16

Answer 1

groups 14 and 15 contain nonmetals, metalloids, and metals, whereas groups 13 and 16 only contain two of the aforementioned

Question 2

carbon, silicon, germanium, tin, and lead all make up what group on the periodic table?

Answer 2

group 14: the carbon group

Question 3

elements that have more than 92 protons, the atomic number of uranium

Answer 3

transuranium elements

Question 4

oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, and polonium all make up what group?

Answer 4

group 16: the oxygen group

Question 5

nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth all make up what group?

Answer 5

the nitrogen group

Question 6

elements that conduct an electric current under certain conditions

Answer 6

semiconductors

Question 7

different molecular structures of the same element

Answer 7

allotropes

Question 8

elements that have some properties of metals and some properties of nonmetals

Answer 8

metalloids

Question 9

explain how solid nonmetals are different from solid metals

Answer 9

solid nonmetals are brittle and powdery, whereas solid metals are malleable, shiny, and ductile.

Question 10

the noble gases exist as what kind of atoms?

Answer 10

isolated atoms

Question 11

Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine are called:

Answer 11

halogens

Question 12

a molecule consisting of two atoms of the same element in a covalent bond

Answer 12

diatomic molecule

Question 13

list the properties of nonmetals

Answer 13

not malleable or ductile; brittle or powdery

Question 14

elements that are usually gases or solids

Answer 14

nonmetals

Question 15

describe how to test a sample of an element to see if it is a metal

Answer 15

because metals are malleable and ductile, they can be identified through means of hammering the element into sheets or drawing it into wires

Question 16

the lanthanides and actinides make up which part of the periodic table?

Answer 16

inner transition metals

Question 17

the coinage metals are composed of:

Answer 17

copper, silver, and gold

Question 18

the iron triad is composed of:

Answer 18

iron, cobalt, and nickel

Question 19

elements in groups 3 through 12 in the periodic table; considered to be a _______ between the main group elements

Answer 19

transition elements; transition

Question 20

beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium are all a part of what group on the periodic table?

Answer 20

group 2: the alkaline earth metals

Question 21

an element in which the nucleus breaks down and gives off particles and energy

Answer 21

radioactive element

Question 22

lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium are all:

Answer 22

alkali metals

Question 23

type of bonding where positively charged metallic ions are surrounded by a sea of electrons; valence electrons move freely among positively charged ions

Answer 23

metallic bonding

Question 24

the property allowing for materials to be drawn into wires

Answer 24

ductile

Question 25

the property allowing for a material to be hammered or rolled into sheets

Answer 25

malleable

Question 26

elements that are shiny, malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity

Answer 26

metals