Chapter 16 - Therapy Flashcards
What are the four major types of psychotherapy?
Psychoanalytic, humanistic, behavioral, cognitive.
What is psychotherapy?
A trained therapist uses psychological techniques to change behavior, thinking, relationships, and emotions.
Define biomedical.
The use of medications / other biological treatments to reduce symptoms of mental disorders.
What is psychoanalysis therapy?
(Freud) A set of techniques for releasing the tension of repression and resolving unconscious inner conflicts.
Techniques include: free association and dream interpretation.
Very time consuming and expensive with no immediate benefit or good outcome.
Freud’s views have since been modified into psychodynamic therapy and interpersonal therapy.
What is psychodynamic therapy?
A less intense version of psychoanalysis.
Involves discovering themes across important relationships.
The focus is on improved self-awareness and insight into unconscious thoughts and feelings which may be rooted in past relationships.
What is interpersonal therapy?
A further extension of psychoanalysis.
Less focused on insight into the past, rather focused on improving relationship skills and communicating emotions more effectively.
What is humanistic therapy?
An attempt to boost self-fulfillment by helping people gain self-awareness and self-acceptance - “client centered therapy.”
Therapists should exhibit empathy and unconditional positive regard and should listen without judging or interrupting.
The present and future are more important than the past.
What is behavior therapy?
Sometimes insight and self-awareness so not reduce symptoms. Behavioral therapists believe maladaptive symptoms are learned behaviors that can be replaced by adaptive behaviors. It uses the principles of learning, especially classical and operant conditioning.
What is counterconditioning?
Linking new, positive responses to previously aversive stimuli.
If you have been conditioned to fear stores because you have had a panic attack in one, you could be led into a store and helped with relaxation exercises. The goal is to associate stores with relaxation, a state incompatible with fear.
What is exposure therapy?
Avoidance of the feared stimuli worsens a conditioned fear. Avoidance is reinforced because it quickly reduces anxiety.
Guided exposure to the feared situation eliminates avoidance.
What are some types of exposure therapy?
Systematic desensitization.
Virtual reality therapy.
Define systematic desensitization.
Constructing a hierarchy of anxiety triggering situations.
Gradually increase the exposure intensity while using relaxation techniques.
What is aversive conditioning?
When a person has been conditioned to have a positive association with a drug.
Aversive conditioning can associate a drug with a negative response - condition as aversion to something the person should avoid.
In order for this to work, a person must want to quit.
What is operant conditioning therapy?
Belief that behaviors are influenced by their consequences.
Desired behaviors are rewarded and reward is withheld from undesired behaviors.
What is token economy?
Rather than rewarding every good behavior, reward desired behaviors with tokens or checks on a chart to earn a “prize.”
