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CompTIA Network+ > Chapter 16 - Supplement - Sheet1 > Flashcards

Chapter 16 - Supplement - Sheet1 Flashcards

1
Q

Main way WAN differs from LAN

A

Generally own LAN infrastructure, lease WAN infrastructure

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2
Q

PSTN

A

Public Switched Telephone Network

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3
Q

Which layers of the OSI model to WAN protocols and technologies occupy?

A

Physical, Data Lihnk, sometimes network

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4
Q

CPE

A

Customer premises equipment. Equipment that’s owned by the service provided by located on teh subscriber’s property

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5
Q

Local Loop

A

Pair of copper wires connecting the demarc to the closest switching office, called the CO

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6
Q

CO

A

Central Office. AKA POP (Point of Presence). Phone company building that connects the customer’s network to the provider’s switching network.

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7
Q

Toll Network

A

Trunk line inside a WAN provider’s network. Collection of switches and facilities owned by the ISP

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8
Q

WAN Connection Types

A

Dedicated (Leased) Lines, Circuit Switching, Packet Switching

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9
Q

Dedicated (Leased) Lines

A

AKA Point-to-point or dedicated connections. These lines are direct and always open, reserved for the customer to use

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10
Q

Circuit Switching

A

uses the phone system - ISDN or Dial-up

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11
Q

Packet Switching

A

Packet switching involves breaking messages into chunks at the sending device.
Each packet can be sent over any number of routes on its way to its destination. The packets
are then reassembled in the correct order at the receiver.

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12
Q

T1 Line

A

Basic, first level in bandwidth or speed for leased, synchronous connections between sites (WAN). Serves up to 24 Digital Signal 0 (DS0) 64Kbps Channels. Digital connection typically over 2 copper wire pairs

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13
Q

Countries that use T1

A

US, Japan (Uses J1 - same tech and speeds), South Korea

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14
Q

European version of T1 and speed.

A

E1 or E Carrier Line. Serves 30 DS0 Channels – Slightly faster than T1 at 2.048Mbps

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15
Q

What bit patterns does T1 use to transmit packets

A

DS1 (Digital Signal 1)

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16
Q

Max speed of T1C

A

3.152Mbps

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17
Q

Max speed of T1

A

1.544Mbps

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18
Q

Max speed of T2

A

6.312Mbps

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19
Q

Max speed of T3, digital signal level, number of T1 circuits

A

44.736Mbps, DS3, 28 T1 circuits

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20
Q

Max speed of T4

A

274.176Mbps

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21
Q

Attenuation

A

Weakening of a signal as it travels

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22
Q

Standard for Synchronous Data Transmission on optical fiber

A

SONET. Synchronous Optical Network

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23
Q

International Equivalent of SONET

A

SDH - Synchronous Digital Hierarchy

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24
Q

SONET throughput (base data rate)

A

51.84Mbps

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25
Q

Optical Carrier Level

A

Multiples of SONET. OC-1, OC-2, etc

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26
Q

OC-1 data rate

27
Q

OC-3 data rate

A

155.52Mbps

28
Q

OC-12 data rate

A

622.08Mbps

29
Q

OC-48 data rate

30
Q

OC-192 data rate

31
Q

WDM

A

Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) is a technology that multiplexes several optical
carriers on a single optical fiber by using different wavelengths. Remember, fiber-optic signals
are light, so using different wavelengths of the light spectrum is somewhat like using different
frequencies in a radio wave.

32
Q

Microwave radio relay

A

technology for transmitting digital and sometimes even analog
signals between two locations on a line-of-sight radio path through the atmosphere

33
Q

Differences between DSL and Cable

A

Speed, security (each has different vulnerabilities), popularity, customer satisfaction

34
Q

HDSL

A

High bit-rate digital subscriber line. HDSL was the first DSL technology to use
a higher-frequency spectrum of copper twisted-pair cables. HDSL was developed in the
United States as a better technology for high-speed, synchronous circuits

35
Q

Types of xDSL

A

HDSL, SDSL, VDSL, ADSL

36
Q

SDSL

A 
Symmetric (same rate in both directions) digital
subscriber line (SDSL) provides T1/E1 type speeds symmetrically for both uploading and
downloading data but doesn’t allow low-frequency phone calls on the same line
37
Q

VDSL

A

VDSL, or very high bitrate DSL
(VHDSL), provides faster data transmission over single, flat, untwisted or twisted pairs of
copper wires. This capacity for blazingly fast speeds mean that VDSL is capable of supporting
high-bandwidth applications like HDTV and telephone services like the popular Voice
over IP (VoIP) as well as general Internet access over a single connection. VDSL is deployed
over existing wiring used for POTS and lower-speed DSL connections

38
Q

ADSL

A

Asymmetric (meaning different upload and
download speeds) DSL has become the most popular xDSL because it focuses on providing
reasonably fast upstream transmission speeds (768 Kbps) and very fast downstream transmission
speeds (up to 9 Mbps, although usually slower). works on a single phone line without losing voice
call capability

39
Q

Headend

A

This is where all cable signals are received, processed, and formatted. The signals
are then transmitted over the distribution network from the headend

40
Q

Distribution Network

A

These are relatively small service areas that usually range in size from
100 to 2,000 customers. They’re typically composed of a mixed, fiber-coaxial, or hybrid
fiber-coaxial (HFC) architecture

41
Q

DOCSIS

A

Data over cable service interface specification (DOCSIS) This specification provides the
interface requirements for a data over cable system, including that of high-speed data transfer
to an existing cable TV system. All cable modems and similar devices have to measure
up to this standard.

42
Q

1G

A

Voice-only analog network. Wireless WAN technology.

43
Q

2G

A

Wireless WAN technology. Digital voice and simple data (text)

44
Q

3G

A

Wireless WAN technology.. High-speed voice and data, internet

45
Q

4G

A

Wireless WAN technology. Goal is to provide data rates far beyond 3G.

46
Q

Two varients of 4G

A

LTE, WiMAX

47
Q

HSPA+

A

Evolved High Speed Packet Access (HSPA+) is really considered a 3.5 generation technology. 3-4mbps down, 1-2mbps up

48
Q

WiMAX

A

World Wide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMax) is considered a true 4G technology.
It is based on the IEEE 802.16 standard. It supports fixed (tower to tower) and mobile
applications. 5-6mbps down, 2-3mbps up

49
Q

LTE

A

Long Term Evolution (LTE) is the most promising of the emerging 4G technologies. Compatible with 3G and WiMAX. Best indoor coverage. 7-12mbps down, 3-5 up

50
Q

Frame Relay

A

Frame Relay is a WAN technology in which variable-length packets are transmitted by
switching.

51
Q

Access rate

A

The maximum speed at which the Frame Relay interface can transmit.

52
Q

Committed information rate (CIR)

A

The maximum bandwidth of data guaranteed to be
delivered. In reality, it’s the average amount that the service provider will allow you to
transmit, based on what you purchased.

53
Q

ATM

A

Asynchronous Transfer Mode

54
Q

What is the greatest advantage of PSTN (POTS)?

A

It’s readily available

55
Q

Which technology uses the term HFC?

A

Cable. Hybrid Fiber Coaxial is a telecommunication industry term for a network that incorporates botht optical fiber and coaxial cable to create a broadband network

56
Q

You have one serial port on your router but need to connect many remote sites. What
WAN protocol could you consider as an option?

A

Frame Relay.

57
Q

What is the maximum speed for T1?

58
Q

What does the acronym DSL stand for?

A

Digital Subscriber Line

59
Q

Which WAN technologies are considered packet-switching networks?

A

Frame Relay and X.25

60
Q

Which cellular technologies are considered 4G?

A

LTE and WiMAX

61
Q

Which WAN technology is considered a cell-switching network?

62
Q

What are the different flavors of xDSL?

A

HDSL, SDSL, VDSL, ADSL

63
Q

What is another name for PON?

A

Fiber to the Premises

CompTIA Network+ (30 decks)

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