Chapter 16 - Spinal Cord & Spinal Nerves

Question 1

cervical

Answer 1

8 pairs of nerves

C1 - C8

Question 2

thoracic

Answer 2

12 pairs of nerves

T1 - T12

Question 3

lumbar

Answer 3

5 pairs of nerves

L1 - L5

Question 4

sacral

Answer 4

5 pairs of nerves

S1 - S5

Question 5

coccygeal

Answer 5

1 pair of nerves

Co1

Question 6

conus medullaris

Answer 6

tapering; end

Question 7

cauda equina

Answer 7

axons

Question 8

film terminalis

Answer 8

pia mater; anchors to coccyx

Question 9

dura mater

Answer 9

superficial
epidural space-outside
subdural space-deep

Question 10

arachnoid layer

Answer 10

subarachnoid space-CSF

Question 11

pia mater

Answer 11

deepest

adheres to SC

Question 12

denticulate ligaments

Answer 12

attach pia mater to arachnoid and dura mater

Question 13

sensory neurons are found in ___ root.

Answer 13

dorsal (posterior) root

Question 14

motor neurons are found in ___ root.

Answer 14

ventral (anterior) root

Question 15

axons within funiculi are organized into ___.

Answer 15

tracts

Question 16

nerve

Answer 16

bundle of axons in PNS

Question 17

axons enter/exit SC via ___.

Answer 17

roots

Question 18

anterior (ventral) root

Answer 18

motor; somas in anterior and lateral horns

Question 19

posterior (dorsal) root

Answer 19

sensory; somas in dorsal root ganglion

Question 20

anterior and posterior roots unite within ___ and form ___.

Answer 20

within intervertebral foramen and form spinal nerve

Question 21

spinal nerves are ___.

Answer 21

“mixed”

Question 22

spinal nerves branch into ___.

Answer 22

“rami”

Question 23

posterior (dorsal) rami innervate ___.

Answer 23

muscles/skin of the back

Question 24

dermatomes

Answer 24

segments of skin supplied by spinal nerve

Question 25

nerve plexuses

Answer 25

network of anterior rami of spinal nerves

Question 26

the main plexuses are?

Answer 26

cervical, brachial, lumbar, sacral

Question 27

which of the spinal nerves do not form plexuses?

Answer 27

T2-T12

Question 28

major nerve of the cervical plexus?

Answer 28

phrenic nerve

Question 29

brachial plexus is formed from which nerves?

Answer 29

C5-T1

Question 30

the 5 major nerves that go to structures of the arm

Answer 30

axillary nerve, musculocutaneous nerve, median nerve, radial nerve, ulnar nerve

Question 31

the axillary nerve innervates ___.

Answer 31

the deltoid

Question 32

the musculocutaneous nerve innervates ___.

Answer 32

the flexors of the humerus

Question 33

the median nerve innervates ___.

Answer 33

most of the wrist flexors and pronators

Question 34

the radial nerve innervates ___.

Answer 34

extensors of elbow and wrist

Question 35

the ulnar nerve innervates ___.

Answer 35

flexors of wrist (on medial side)

Question 36

the lumbar plexus is formed from ___.

Answer 36

L1-L4

Question 37

which 2 nerves are in the lumbar plexus?

Answer 37

femoral nerve, obturator nerve

Question 38

the sacral plexus is formed from ___.

Answer 38

L4-S4

Question 39

the sacral plexus contains which nerve?

Answer 39

the sciatic nerve

Question 40

tibial branch

Answer 40

muscles on back of leg

Question 41

common fibular branch

Answer 41

lower lateral/anterior leg

Question 42

5 components of reflex arc

Answer 42

1. sensory receptor - in skin: senses stimuli
2. sensory neuron - travels
3. integration center - decision on what to do
4. motor neuron - carry impulses out
5. effector - responds to impulse from motor neuron

Question 43

polysynaptic

Answer 43

has to go through two synapses

Question 44

monosynaptic

Answer 44

goes through only one synapse

Question 45

ipsilateral

Answer 45

effect same side of body with reflex

Question 46

contralateral

Answer 46

different sides of the body are effected

Question 47

muscle spindle

Answer 47

reflex contraction in response to rapid stretch

Question 48

golgi tendon organ (GTO)

Answer 48

inhibits excessive tension