Chapter 16 - Modern Human Biology: Patterns Of Adaptation

Question 1

Any factor that acts to disrupt homeostasis; more precisely, the body’s response to any factor that threatens its ability to maintain homeostasis

The most prevalent feeling of a college student

Answer 1

Stress

Question 2

A condition of balance, or stability, within a biological system, maintained by the interaction of physiological mechanisms that compensate for changes (ex/internal)

Answer 2

Homeostasis

Question 3

Physiological responses to changes in the environment that occur during an individual’s lifetime.

Answer 3

Acclimatization

Question 4

In early embryonic development, the anatomical structure that develops to form the brain and spinal cord

Answer 4

Neural Tube

Question 5

A condition in which the arch of one or more vertebrae fails to fuse and form a protective barrier around the spinal cord

Answer 5

Spina Bifida

Question 6

A physiological mechanism that helps prevent the body from overheating. It occurs when perspiration is produced from sweat glands and then evaporates from the surface of the skin

Answer 6

Evaporative Cooling

Question 7

Expansion of blood vessels, permitting increased blood flow to the skin.

Answer 7

Vasodilation

Question 8

Narrowing of blood vessels to reduce blood flow to the skin

Answer 8

Vasoconstriction

Question 9

Oxygen deficiency

Answer 9

Hypoxia

Question 10

Agents that transmit disease from one carrier to another

Answer 10

Vectors

Question 11

Continuously present in a population

Answer 11

Endemic

Question 12

A disease tgat’s transmitted to humans through contact with nonhuman animals

Answer 12

Zoonotic