chapter 16: meiosis

Question 1

genome

Answer 1

• all chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell
• contains all protein making information for an organism

Question 2

karyotype

Answer 2

number and visual appearance of the chromosomes in the cell nuclei of an organism

Question 3

phenotypes

Answer 3

characteristics of an organism based on genetic information

Question 4

gene locus

Answer 4

location of a specific pair of genes

Question 5

alleles

Answer 5

alternate versions of the same gene, in pairs

Question 6

genotype

Answer 6

which alleles are present at gene locus

Question 7

homologous chromosomes

Answer 7

contain the same genes in the same location but have different version of the genes
- come from our parents

Question 8

gametes

Answer 8

• required for sexual reproduction
• haploid

Question 9

ploidy

Answer 9

number of sets of chromosomes in a cell

Question 10

prophase (mitosis)

Answer 10

chromosomes condense, nuclear envelope breaks down

Question 11

metaphase (mitosis)

Answer 11

individual chromosomes align at the metaphase plate

Question 12

anaphase and telophase (mitosis)

Answer 12

sister chromatids separate; nuclear envelope re forms

Question 13

prophase 1 (meiosis)

Answer 13

chromosomes condense; bivalents form; nuclear envelope breaks down; chiasmata marks sites of crossing over

Question 14

metaphase 1 (meiosis)

Answer 14

homologous pairs align at metaphase plate

Question 15

anaphase 1 and telophase 1 (meiosis)

Answer 15

homologous chromosomes separate; two haploid cells result

Question 16

meiosis 2 (meiosis)

Answer 16

sister chromatids separate; nuclear envelope re forms

Question 17

when does crossing over occur

Answer 17

metaphase 1 of meiosis 1

Question 18

after crossing over what type of gametes can be produced

Answer 18

recombinant

Question 19

when does independent assortment occur

Answer 19

metaphase 1 of meiosis 1