Chapter 16: Marine and Coastal Systems and Resources

Question 1

Trawling

Answer 1

Dragging net across ground

Question 2

Pycnocline

Answer 2

Area where density rapidly increases with depth

Question 3

Upwelling

Answer 3

Cold, deep waters pulled to the surface. Nutrient rich

Question 4

Downwelling

Answer 4

Surface currents converge, so water sinks. Influx of oxygen and ‘buries’ CO2

Question 5

Thermohaline circulation

Answer 5

Worldwide current system in which warmer, fresher water moves along the surface and colder, saltier water moves deep beneath the surface

Question 6

Photic zone

Answer 6

Where almost all of ocean’s primary productivity occurs

Question 7

Pelagic

Answer 7

Life between ocean surface and floor

Question 8

Benthic

Answer 8

Life on ocean floor

Question 9

Intertidal/Littoral

Answer 9

Ocean meets land

Question 10

Tides

Answer 10

Periodic rising and falling of the ocean’s height at a given location caused by gravitational pull of moon and sun

Question 11

Zone areas (top to bottom)

Answer 11

Supratidal zone (Splash zone), Lvel of high tide, intertidal, level of low, subtidal

Question 12

Salt marshes

Answer 12

Where tides wash over gently sloping sandy or silty substrates

Question 13

Estuary

Answer 13

Rivers flow into ocean

Question 14

Coral reef

Answer 14

Mass of calcium carbonate composed of the skeletons of tiny marine animals known as corals