Chapter 16 - Important Slides Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the integumentary system?

A

Skin and its accessory structures, which are hair, nails, and glands.

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2
Q

What are the 4 functions of the skin?

A
  1. Provide protective membrane
  2. Skin glands lubricate and cool the skin
  3. Receptors for sensations
  4. Regulate body temperature
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3
Q

How does the skin get lubricated and cooled?

A
  1. Cooled = produces sweat from sweat gland. Evaporate and cool
  2. Lubricate = produces sebum from sebaceous gland which is an oily secretion that lubricates skin and hair
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4
Q

What is the epidermis?

A
  1. It is the outermost layer of the skin; thin cellular membrane
  2. Contains keratin
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5
Q

What is the dermis?

A
  1. The second layer of the skin
  2. Full of dense, fibrous connective tissue
  3. Contains collagen
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6
Q

What is subcutaneous layer?

A
  1. Third layer of skin

2. Thick and full of fatty tissue

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7
Q

What is hair?

A

Cells that are filled with hard protein called keratin

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8
Q

What function does hair have?

A

Sensory, thermoregulation

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9
Q

What is the term for absence of pigment in skin, hair, and eyes?

A

Albinism

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10
Q

What is the term for a person with skin deficiency in melanin?

A

Albino

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11
Q

What is the deepest region found in the epidermis called?

A

Basal layer

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12
Q

What is the term for the structural protein found in skin and connective tissue?

A

Collagen

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13
Q

What are nails?

A

Hard keratin plates covering the toes and fingers

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14
Q

What are the 4 parts to a nail?

A
  1. Nail plate
  2. Lunula
  3. Cuticle
  4. Paronychium
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15
Q

What is the sebaceous gland and sebum?

A
  1. Sebaceous gland = produces sebum which lubricates the skin
  2. Sebum = an oily secretion that lubricates the skin
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16
Q

What is the sweat gland?

A

These gland produce sweat. Sweat helps to cool the body and evaporates on the skin surface.

17
Q

Cutaneous lesions: pustule

A

Pus-filled

18
Q

Cutaneous lesions: Wheal

A

Smooth, slightly elevated, edema

19
Q

Cutaneous lesions: cyst

A

Fluid or semisolid thick-walled filled sac

20
Q

Cutaneous lesions: vesicle

A

Clear fluid, blister

21
Q

Cutaneous lesions: Crust (scabs)

A

Dried serum and cellular debris

22
Q

Cutaneous lesions: polyp

A

Benign growth extending from mucous membrane surface

23
Q

Cutaneous lesions: macule

A

Discolored, flat

24
Q

Cutaneous lesions: erosion

A

Wearing away, loss of epidermis

25
Cutaneous lesions: Nodule
Solid, elevated mass
26
Cutaneous lesions: Fissure
Slit, groove
27
Cutaneous lesions: Ulcer
Open sore on skin or mucous membrane
28
Cutaneous lesions: Papule
Small, solid elevation, pimple or plaque
29
What is atopic dermatitis?
1. A type of eczema. 2. Inflammation of skin (rash and intense itching) that tends to occur in patients with a family history of allergic reaction.
30
What is a half-moon shaped white area at the base of a nail called?
Lunula
31
What is the term for the soft tissue surrounding the nail border?
Paronychium
32
What is the term for the band of epidermis at the base and side of the nail plate?
Cuticle
33
What is the term for the separation of nail plate form the nail bed in fungal infections or after trauma?
Onycholysis
34
What is the term for the abnormal condition of fungal infection of nails?
Onychomycosis