Chapter 16 - Important Slides

Question 1

What makes up the integumentary system?

Answer 1

Skin and its accessory structures, which are hair, nails, and glands.

Question 2

What are the 4 functions of the skin?

Answer 2

1. Provide protective membrane
2. Skin glands lubricate and cool the skin
3. Receptors for sensations
4. Regulate body temperature

Question 3

How does the skin get lubricated and cooled?

Answer 3

1. Cooled = produces sweat from sweat gland. Evaporate and cool
2. Lubricate = produces sebum from sebaceous gland which is an oily secretion that lubricates skin and hair

Question 4

What is the epidermis?

Answer 4

1. It is the outermost layer of the skin; thin cellular membrane
2. Contains keratin

Question 5

What is the dermis?

Answer 5

1. The second layer of the skin
2. Full of dense, fibrous connective tissue
3. Contains collagen

Question 6

What is subcutaneous layer?

Answer 6

1. Third layer of skin

2. Thick and full of fatty tissue

Question 7

What is hair?

Answer 7

Cells that are filled with hard protein called keratin

Question 8

What function does hair have?

Answer 8

Sensory, thermoregulation

Question 9

What is the term for absence of pigment in skin, hair, and eyes?

Answer 9

Albinism

Question 10

What is the term for a person with skin deficiency in melanin?

Answer 10

Albino

Question 11

What is the deepest region found in the epidermis called?

Answer 11

Basal layer

Question 12

What is the term for the structural protein found in skin and connective tissue?

Answer 12

Collagen

Question 13

What are nails?

Answer 13

Hard keratin plates covering the toes and fingers

Question 14

What are the 4 parts to a nail?

Answer 14

1. Nail plate
2. Lunula
3. Cuticle
4. Paronychium

Question 15

What is the sebaceous gland and sebum?

Answer 15

1. Sebaceous gland = produces sebum which lubricates the skin
2. Sebum = an oily secretion that lubricates the skin

Question 16

What is the sweat gland?

Answer 16

These gland produce sweat. Sweat helps to cool the body and evaporates on the skin surface.

Question 17

Cutaneous lesions: pustule

Answer 17

Pus-filled

Question 18

Cutaneous lesions: Wheal

Answer 18

Smooth, slightly elevated, edema

Question 19

Cutaneous lesions: cyst

Answer 19

Fluid or semisolid thick-walled filled sac

Question 20

Cutaneous lesions: vesicle

Answer 20

Clear fluid, blister

Question 21

Cutaneous lesions: Crust (scabs)

Answer 21

Dried serum and cellular debris

Question 22

Cutaneous lesions: polyp

Answer 22

Benign growth extending from mucous membrane surface

Question 23

Cutaneous lesions: macule

Answer 23

Discolored, flat

Question 24

Cutaneous lesions: erosion

Answer 24

Wearing away, loss of epidermis

Question 25

Cutaneous lesions: Nodule

Answer 25

Solid, elevated mass

Question 26

Cutaneous lesions: Fissure

Answer 26

Slit, groove

Question 27

Cutaneous lesions: Ulcer

Answer 27

Open sore on skin or mucous membrane

Question 28

Cutaneous lesions: Papule

Answer 28

Small, solid elevation, pimple or plaque

Question 29

What is atopic dermatitis?

Answer 29

1. A type of eczema.
2. Inflammation of skin (rash and intense itching) that tends to occur in patients with a family history of allergic reaction.

Question 30

What is a half-moon shaped white area at the base of a nail called?

Answer 30

Lunula

Question 31

What is the term for the soft tissue surrounding the nail border?

Answer 31

Paronychium

Question 32

What is the term for the band of epidermis at the base and side of the nail plate?

Answer 32

Cuticle

Question 33

What is the term for the separation of nail plate form the nail bed in fungal infections or after trauma?

Answer 33

Onycholysis

Question 34

What is the term for the abnormal condition of fungal infection of nails?

Answer 34

Onychomycosis