Chapter 16 - Important Slides Flashcards
What makes up the integumentary system?
Skin and its accessory structures, which are hair, nails, and glands.
What are the 4 functions of the skin?
- Provide protective membrane
- Skin glands lubricate and cool the skin
- Receptors for sensations
- Regulate body temperature
How does the skin get lubricated and cooled?
- Cooled = produces sweat from sweat gland. Evaporate and cool
- Lubricate = produces sebum from sebaceous gland which is an oily secretion that lubricates skin and hair
What is the epidermis?
- It is the outermost layer of the skin; thin cellular membrane
- Contains keratin
What is the dermis?
- The second layer of the skin
- Full of dense, fibrous connective tissue
- Contains collagen
What is subcutaneous layer?
- Third layer of skin
2. Thick and full of fatty tissue
What is hair?
Cells that are filled with hard protein called keratin
What function does hair have?
Sensory, thermoregulation
What is the term for absence of pigment in skin, hair, and eyes?
Albinism
What is the term for a person with skin deficiency in melanin?
Albino
What is the deepest region found in the epidermis called?
Basal layer
What is the term for the structural protein found in skin and connective tissue?
Collagen
What are nails?
Hard keratin plates covering the toes and fingers
What are the 4 parts to a nail?
- Nail plate
- Lunula
- Cuticle
- Paronychium
What is the sebaceous gland and sebum?
- Sebaceous gland = produces sebum which lubricates the skin
- Sebum = an oily secretion that lubricates the skin
What is the sweat gland?
These gland produce sweat. Sweat helps to cool the body and evaporates on the skin surface.
Cutaneous lesions: pustule
Pus-filled
Cutaneous lesions: Wheal
Smooth, slightly elevated, edema
Cutaneous lesions: cyst
Fluid or semisolid thick-walled filled sac
Cutaneous lesions: vesicle
Clear fluid, blister
Cutaneous lesions: Crust (scabs)
Dried serum and cellular debris
Cutaneous lesions: polyp
Benign growth extending from mucous membrane surface
Cutaneous lesions: macule
Discolored, flat
Cutaneous lesions: erosion
Wearing away, loss of epidermis
Cutaneous lesions: Nodule
Solid, elevated mass
Cutaneous lesions: Fissure
Slit, groove
Cutaneous lesions: Ulcer
Open sore on skin or mucous membrane
Cutaneous lesions: Papule
Small, solid elevation, pimple or plaque
What is atopic dermatitis?
- A type of eczema.
- Inflammation of skin (rash and intense itching) that tends to occur in patients with a family history of allergic reaction.
What is a half-moon shaped white area at the base of a nail called?
Lunula
What is the term for the soft tissue surrounding the nail border?
Paronychium
What is the term for the band of epidermis at the base and side of the nail plate?
Cuticle
What is the term for the separation of nail plate form the nail bed in fungal infections or after trauma?
Onycholysis
What is the term for the abnormal condition of fungal infection of nails?
Onychomycosis
