Chapter 16 European Exploration

Question 0

New Merchant class sought new ways to India and Far East because of problems

Answer 0

Pirates
Turkish Middlemen
Chinese Emperors
Ottomen Emperors

Question 1

Navigation and Mapmaking tools

Answer 1

Compass

Astrolobe

Question 2

Heliocentric Theory

Answer 2

Sun was the center of the universe and planets moved around it
people saw everything elese moving around the earth
Keplere w/ mathmatics & Galileo with a telescope will later prove the theory to be true

Question 3

Astrolabe

Answer 3

An astrolabe (Greek: ἀστρολάβος astrolabos, “star-taker”) is an elaborate inclinometer, historically used by astronomers, navigators, and astrologers.

Question 4

Christopher Columbus

Answer 4

Italian sailor who traveled west to reach China but discovered islands in the Caribbean instead

Question 5

Ferdinard Magellan

Answer 5

first explorer to attempt the circumnavigate the globe; while he was killed on the way, some of his sailors completed the journey

Question 6

Vasco Da Gama

Answer 6

Portuguese explorer who traveled to Calicut, India in 1497

Question 7

Hernando Cortes

Answer 7

Spanish explorer and conqueror of Mexico’s Aztec empire

Question 8

Francisco Pizarro

Answer 8

Aztec emperor at the time of Cortés’s conquest of Mexico

Question 9

Atahualpa

Answer 9

ruler of Inca Empire killed by Spanish invaders led by Pizarro

Question 10

Moctectzuma

Answer 10

Aztec emperor at the time of Cortés’s conquest of Mexico

Question 11

Aztec Empire

Answer 11

Mexican orators were told stories of five different suns (5th was the present time)
They believed that the 5th sun would also end
Human sacrifices were made daily
The priest wanted people to worship Quetzalcoatl
Repentance rather than sacrifice
Nobles wanted to continue to fight and expanded territory so they chased the priest out.
The nobles liked all of the warfare because they would get rich conquering new countries and getting their treasure.
If the priest was peaceful, less warfare would have happened, and they would have lost money

Question 12

Mayan Empire

Answer 12

Mayans controlled the Yucatan Peninsula

Question 13

Incan Empire

Answer 13

Pizarro led an expedition of 18-0 men from the Isthmus of Panama to Peru in 1530.
Atalupa was the king of the Incas at that time.

Question 14

Merchantilism

Answer 14

An economic system used from about the 1500s to1700s that held a nation’s power and was directly related to its wealth

Question 15

Nunez Bolboa

Answer 15

Discovered Panama Pacific Ocean

Question 16

Bartholmew Dias

Answer 16

Found Cape of Good Hope (located on the southern tip of Africa)
He wanted to reach india, but his crew wanted him to turn back, and a mutanty occurs)

Question 17

Explain why European merchants began looking for new ways to reach India and China.

Answer 17

Tools included the Compass and the Astrolabe
New merchant class sought new way to India and Far East to avoid
Pirates
Turkish Middlemen
Raised the prices for Europeans, so the middlemen got a crazy cut
Chinese Emperors
Ottoman Empire
Sometimes, they would close the trade routes

Question 18

What were common mistakes made by early explorers?

Answer 18

Underestimated Circumference of the earth
Large Land mass of north and south America, bigger than expected
Underestimated the size of the new world
Treaty to Tordesillas 1494, Spain and Portugal would divide the land they had found equally, but Spain got a ton more land because they didn’t know a ton more existed.

Question 19

The New World consists of what continents?

Answer 19

North and South America