Chapter 16: Electric Circuits Flashcards
What is an electric circuit?
“An electric circuit is a closed loop through which electric current can flow
What is electric current?
“Electric current is the rate of flow of charge through a conductor
What is the equation for electric current?
“I = Q/t
What is the difference between direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC)?
“DC is a type of current that flows in one direction
What is resistance?
“Resistance is a measure of the opposition to the flow of electric current
What is Ohm’s law?
“Ohm’s law states that the current through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage across it and inversely proportional to the resistance: I = V/R.”
What is the unit of resistance?
“The unit of resistance is the ohm (Ω).”
What is the equation for power in an electrical circuit?
“P = IV
What is the formula for power using Ohm’s law?
“P = I²R or P = V²/R
What is a resistor?
“A resistor is a component that resists the flow of electric current
What is the equivalent resistance in series circuits?
“In series circuits
What is the equivalent resistance in parallel circuits?
“In parallel circuits
What is the concept of voltage?
“Voltage (V) is the electrical potential difference between two points in a circuit
What is the unit of voltage?
“The unit of voltage is the volt (V).”
What is Kirchhoff’s first law (current law)?
“Kirchhoff’s first law states that the total current entering a junction is equal to the total current leaving the junction (conservation of charge).”
What is Kirchhoff’s second law (voltage law)?
“Kirchhoff’s second law states that the sum of the potential differences (voltages) around any closed loop in a circuit is zero (conservation of energy).”
What is a parallel circuit?
“A parallel circuit is a circuit in which components are connected across common points
What is a series circuit?
“A series circuit is a circuit in which components are connected end-to-end
What is the concept of electrical energy?
“Electrical energy is the energy transferred by electric current
What is the equation for electrical energy?
“E = P * t
What is the difference between an open and closed circuit?
“An open circuit is incomplete
What is the use of a fuse?
“A fuse is a safety device that protects an electrical circuit by breaking the circuit if the current exceeds a safe level.”
What is the concept of a battery in a circuit?
“A battery provides the voltage (potential difference) that drives the electric current through the circuit.”
