Chapter 15: Ideal Gases Flashcards
What is the ideal gas equation?
“The ideal gas equation is PV = nRT
What assumptions are made in the kinetic theory of gases?
“The assumptions of the kinetic theory of gases are: 1) Gas particles are in constant random motion. 2) Collisions between particles are perfectly elastic. 3) The volume of the gas particles is negligible compared to the volume of the container.”
What is the meaning of ‘kinetic energy’ in the context of gases?
“In the context of gases
What is Boyle’s Law?
“Boyle’s Law states that for a fixed amount of gas at constant temperature
What is Charles’s Law?
“Charles’s Law states that for a fixed amount of gas at constant pressure
What is the relationship between pressure and temperature in an ideal gas?
“The relationship between pressure and temperature in an ideal gas is given by Gay-Lussac’s Law: P ∝ T when volume is constant.”
What is the concept of absolute zero?
“Absolute zero is the theoretical temperature at which the kinetic energy of gas particles is zero
What is the concept of the ideal gas constant (R)?
“The ideal gas constant (R) is a constant that relates pressure
What is the molar mass of a gas?
“The molar mass of a gas is the mass of one mole of the gas
What is the concept of a real gas?
“A real gas is a gas that does not behave ideally due to intermolecular forces and the finite volume of its molecules. At high pressures or low temperatures
What is the concept of the van der Waals equation?
“The van der Waals equation is an equation of state for real gases that accounts for intermolecular forces and the finite size of molecules: (P + a(n/V)²)(V - nb) = nRT.”
What is the kinetic theory of gases?
“The kinetic theory of gases explains the behavior of gases in terms of the motion of their particles. It states that gas particles are in random motion
What is the root mean square speed of gas particles?
“The root mean square (rms) speed of gas particles is the square root of the average of the squares of the velocities of the particles. It is related to the temperature of the gas by the equation v_rms = √(3kT/m)
What is the concept of diffusion in gases?
“Diffusion in gases is the process by which gas molecules spread from regions of high concentration to regions of low concentration. It occurs due to the random motion of gas particles.”
