Chapter 16- Depressive Disorders and Bipolar and Related Disorders Flashcards
What are 3 main depressive disorders?
3pts
- Major depressive disorder (MDD)
- Persistent depressive disorder (PDD- previously called dysthymia)
- Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
What is clinical depression?
3pts
- Extreme sadness
- Long lasting
- Interferes with daily life and functioning
What is MDD?
What are some somatic or cognitive symptoms? (7pts)
What is the duration of symptoms?
- Depressed mood and/or loss of pleasure or interest in things (anhedonia)
- At least 4 somatic or cognitive symptoms:
- Weight or appetite changes
- Sleep (hypersomnia or insomnia)
- Psychomotor changes (agitation or retardation)
- Fatigue or loss of energy
- Worthlessness or guilty preoccupation/rumination
- Concentration issues and indecisiveness
- Thoughts of death or suicide
Duration of symptoms:
- Every day, the whole day
- Present for at least 2 weeks
What is PDD?
What are 6 symptoms?
How long do the symptoms need to persist for?
- Depressed mood plus two of the following:
- Poor appetite or overeating
- Insomnia or hypersomnia
- Loss of energy or fatigue
- Low self esteem
- Poor concentration or indecisiveness
- Feelings of helplessness
Duration:
- Symptoms for more than 2 months
- Persist for at least 2 years
What are the two types of bipolar disorders?
More prevalent in men or women?
2pts
Bipolar I Disorder:
- At least one lifetime manic episode(s) +/- major depressive episodes
Bipolar II Disorder:
- Major depressive episodes alternating with hypomanic episodes
- Equally prevalent in men and women
What is mania?
What are the symptoms? (7pts)
Mania: A distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive and irritable mood.
Three or more of the following symptoms:
- Inflated self esteem or grandiosity
- Decreased need for sleep
- Pressured speech or more talkative than usual
- Flight of ideas or racing thoughts
- Distractibility
- Psychomotor agitation or increase in goal directed activity
- Hedonistic interests (ex- spending sprees)
Difference between mania (4pts) and hypomania (4pts)?
Mania:
- Last at least 7 days
- OR requires hospitalization
- OR includes psychosis
- Causes significant impairment
Hypomania:
- Less severe than mania (no psychotic symptoms, does not require hospitalization)
- Lasts 4 days or less
- Mood change is observable to others
- Can be beginning signs of a full manic episode
What is Cyclothymic disorder? How long are symptoms present?
3pts
- Chronic mood swings- numerous periods of mildly elated mood and mildly depressed mood but never to the severity or a depressive or manic episode
- Symptoms are present for at least 2 years
- At least 1 year in children and adolescents
