Chapter 16 Aerial Fire Apparatus Flashcards
When designing or selecting apparatus to serve the communities, fire departments consider a variety of factors including:
- Maneuverability
- Most common tasks required
- Amount of equipment that the apparatus will need to carry.
- Budget constraints
- Insurance industry recommendations
- Planning department recommendations
- The number of responders the apparatus will need to carry
All Ariel apparatus should meet the design requirements of the addition of the NFPA _____that was in effect at the time the apparatus was manufactured.
1901
What are the three basic categories for aerial devices.
Aerial ladder apparatus
Elevated platform Apparatus
Water towers
What are the three subcategories of elevating platform Apparatus.
Aerial ladder platforms
Telescoping aerial platforms
Articulating Ariel platforms
Fire fighting vehicle equipped with a hydraulically operated ladder, elevating platform, or other similar device for the purpose of placing personnel and or water streams and elevated position
Ariel apparatus
General term used to describe the hydraulically operated ladder or elevating platform attached to a specifically designed fire apparatus.
Ariel device
Power operated latter, usually employing hydraulics, that is mounted on a special truck chassis.
Ariel ladder
Trailer equipped with steerable rear wheels.
Tillered trailer
Assembly of bracing bars or rods and triangular shape that form a rigid frame work for the aerial device.
Ariel ladder truss
The bottom section of the aerial ladder is referred to as:
Base or bed section
Second and Subsequent sections that extend beyond the base section or called:
Fly section
What are the two most common materials for construction of aerial ladders?
Heat treated aluminum alloy and steel.
T or F: The fabricated structural members may be fastened by rivets or the entire truss segment may be welded(steel)or Heliarced( aluminum alloy)
True
What are the three main portions of aerial ladders to which firefighters and driver operators commonly referred to:
Base rails( beams)
Top rails
Rungs
This portion of the aerial ladder are the lower chords of the aerial ladder to which the rungs, trusses, and other portions of the ladder are attached:
Base rails( beams)
This part of the aerial ladder or the top chords to which the opposite ends of the trussing are attached:
Top rails( hand rails)
This part of the aerial ladder are attached between the two base rails in our use as steps for personnel on the aerial ladder. Aerial ladders designed and built with “K”bracing as the standard feature provide greater strength and those with older design.
Rungs
This NFPA standard Establishes requirements for the dimensions of sections and structural members of the aerial ladder.
1901
T or F: Time criteria for an apparatus is based on it’s Ariel type.
True
This is a device that transfers The center of gravity of an apparatus and prevents it from tipping as an aerial device, hydraulic lifting boom, gin pole, or A-Fame is extend it away from the centerline of the chassis.
Stabilizer
What are the four main components in an aerial device hydraulic system.
-Actuators( Transforms power into mechanical force)
-Hydraulic fluid(Is the medium by which the system transmits force)
Hydraulic pump
Hydraulic reservoir
T or F;In an aerial device hydraulic system the pump is powered by a power take of arrangement of the vehicles main engine. Depending on the manufacture of the aerial device, the pump used for the hydraulic system is either a load sensing piston pump, rotary vane pump, or rotary gear positive displacement pump.
True
Hydraulic fluid is used because it is practically incompressible, and it allows force to be transmitted over a relatively large distance with little loss of power. Depending on the manufacture of the aerial apparatus, the fluid may be under pressures of:——— psi
3500psi
In an aerial hydraulic system this reservoir supplies the hydraulic fluid that is moved in and out of the system. Fluid displays from the system flows back into the reservoir for storage before being re-circulated to the system.
Hydraulic reservoir
This component of the aerial device hydraulic system allows air, heat, and foreign matter to be eliminated from the fluid before it is re-introduced into the hydraulic system. Filters and exchange type oil coolers are used to supplement the reservoirs ability to condition the fluid.
Hydraulic reservoir’s
A series of tubes and hoses supply hydraulic fluid throughout the system. Most manufacturers use steel tubing and aircraft type, steel braided hoses. Hoses must be rated to it stay in pressures at least ______greater than normal operating pressures.
4 times
T or F: And a aerial device hydraulic system valves start, stop, regulate, and direct the flow of fluid to control pressure in the system. Vals may be controlled manually, electronically, hydraulically, mechanically, or buy a combination of these methods.
True
In an aerial apparatus hydraulic system this type of valve prevents flow from flowing backward through a component and acts as a safety feature in the event that a leak develops in the system.
Check valve
In an aerial apparatus hydraulic system this type of valve limits to pressure buildup in the system, thus preventing damage due to over pressurization.
Relief valves
This type of valve is a three-way valve on a fire department aerial apparatus the directs oil to either stabilizer control valves or the aerial device control valves.
Selector valves(transfer or diverter valve)
A ___________ in a housing diverts fluid flowing Through the valve assembly to one work port or another, while at the same time blocking flow to the unneeded work port. By blocking the flow to the system not in use, the selector valve acts as a interlock to prevent the stabilization and Ariel device systems from operating at the same time.
Sliding spool
These selector valves are equipped with __________ interlocks which allowed to driver/operator to use functions that are determined saved by a micro processor or other system
Electronic or mechanical interlocks
T or F: Once the hydraulic fluid is directed into one operating system or the other, actuator valves, monitor valves, stack valves, and proportional directional control valves are used to direct into control the power in the system. These valves tend to be four or five way valves.
True
Hydraulic cylinders convert energy in the system into linear ____ or______when pressurized hydraulic oil is directed into a chamber created by fittings a piston into a cylindrical barrel.
Linear mechanical force or motion
These type of cylinders are capable of receiving oil under pressure from both sides of the piston so that force can be created in either direction.
Double acting
T or F: hydraulic motors convert energy in the system into rotary motion. There are two rotary motor systems of the apparatus. One rotates to aerial device to a ring and pinion drive in the other operate a winch drive to extend and retract the aerial device.
True
Hydraulic cylinders used to lift the aerial device from it bad to a working position also known as elevation cylinders or lift cylinders.
Hoisting cylinder
Most modern Aerial and Apparatus is our equipped with hydraulically operate a stabilizer sometimes called:
Outriggers
This type of cylinder is heavy, seamless steel Outer shells board to an extremely smooth inside surface, the cylinders are often chrome plated on the inside to resist friction and wear and are enclosed at the top and the bottom with removable caps. A solid piston rod, Packed and tightly filled with rings, is position inside each cylinder.
Hoisting cylinder
In an aerial device hoisting cylinder the end of the piston rod outside the cylinder is fitted with a: ______ that is anchored to the aerial device or to the turntable, depending on the make of the apparatus.
Trunnion
In a hydraulic cylinder, the pivoting end of the piston rod that is connected to the anchor ear by the heel pain.
Trunnion
And an aerial device hosting cylinder the normal hydraulic pressure is from______ to_____ psi
850-3,000psi
Most newly designed aerial devices use extension cylinders, which are dual cylinders fitted on the base section and used to extend the second section of the device.
True
What are other terms used to describe an aerial ladder Apparatus?
Ladder
The truck
The aerial
The stick
Aerial ladder is defined as:
A power operated ladder that allows firefighters to easily ascend and descend between a tip of the ladder and the turntable for fire fighting or rescue operations.
Aerial ladders in North America fully extended lengths range from ___ft to ___ ft
50-137ft
And an aerial ladder Apparatus The working height is measured from?
From the ground to the highest ladder rung with the ladder at maximum elevation an extension.
Some aerial Apparatus models manufactured and used in the US and overseas far may reach an excess of ____feet.
200ft
What are the main uses for Ariel ladders?
- Rescue
- Ventilation
- Elevated master stream applications
- Gaining access to upper levels of an emergency scene.
The aerial ladder maybe mounted to either a two or three axle single chassis vehicle or on a tractor drawn type vehicle vehicle
True