Chapter 16 Flashcards
Frederick Griffin experiment
2 strains of bacterium (pathogenic and harmless)
When you mix heat-killed remains of the pathogen with living cells of the harmless strain, some living cells became pathogenic
Frederick Griffin
Began the research in discovering the genetic role of DNA
What is transformation?
A change in genotype and phenotype due to assimilation of foreign DNA
What are Bacteriophages?
Viruses that infect bacteria
What are Chargaff’s rules?
In any species there is an equal number of A and T bases, and any equal number of G and C bases
What is the structure of DNA?
Double helix
Antiparallel sugar-phosphate backbone
(Made of nucleotides)
Double helix
Structure of DNA
Antiparallel sugar-phosphate backbone
Purine + Pyrimidine
Nitrogenous bases paired within the molecules interior
What does the semiconservative model of replication predict?
That when a double helix replicates, each daughter molecule will have one old strand (conserved from the parent) and one newly made strand
What is a nucleotide made of?
Nitrogenous base
A pentose sugar
Phosphate group
What is the portion of a nucleotide without the phosphate group?
Nucleoside
Pyrimidines
Nitrogenous base
Have a single six-membered ring
Cytosine, thymine, uracil
Purine
Nitrogenous base
Have a six-membered ring fused with a five-membered ring
