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Biology Exam 4 > Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Flashcards

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0
Q

Stamen

A

Sperm producing organ

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1
Q

Advantages of Pea Plant for study

A

There are many varieties with distinct heritable features

Mating of plants can be controlled

Each plant has sperm and Egg producing organs

Cross-pollination is easy

True-breeding

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2
Q

Carpels

A

Egg producing organs

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3
Q

True-breeding

A

Plants that produce offspring of the same variety when they self-pollinate

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4
Q

Cross-pollination

A

Fertilization between different plants

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5
Q

Alleles

A

Alternative versions of a gene

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6
Q

Dominate allele determine..?

A

the organisms appearance

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7
Q

Recessive allele

A

Has no noticeable effect on appearance

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8
Q

Law of Segregation states..

A

The two alleles for a heritable character separate (segregate) during gamete formation and end up in different gametes

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9
Q

Punnett square

A

A diagram for predicting the results of a genetic cross between individuals of known genetic make-up

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10
Q

A Homozygous organism has…

A

Two identical alleles for a character

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11
Q

A Heterozygous organism has…

A

2 different alleles for a gene

Are not true-breeding

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12
Q

Phenotype

A

Physical appearance

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13
Q

Genotype

A

Genetic makeup

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14
Q

How can you tell the genotype of an individual with the dominate phenotype?

A

Use a testcross

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15
Q

How do you do a Testcross

A

Breed the mystery individual with a homozygous recessive individual

16
Q

What if an offspring displays the recessive phenotype after a testcross is performed?

A

Then the mystery parent must be heterozygous

17
Q

Monohybrid individuals are..?

A

Heterozygous for one character

18
Q

Dihybrid individuals are..?

A

Heterozygous for both characters

19
Q

A dihybrid cross can..?

Ratio?

A

Determine whether two characters are transmitted to offspring as a package or independently

9:3:3:1

20
Q

The Law of Independent Assortment states…

A

That each pair of alleles segregate independently of each other pair of alleles during gamete formation

Biology Exam 4 (5 decks)

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