Chapter 16-18 (vocabulary)

Question 1

Hydroelectric Energy

Answer 1

Energy produced from moving water and is a renewable resource accounting for about 20% of the world’s electricity.

Question 2

Geothermal Energy

Answer 2

The energy from heat in the Earth’s crust.

Question 3

Alternative Energy

Answer 3

Energy sources that are still in development.

Question 4

Energy Efficiency

Answer 4

The percentage of energy put into a system that does useful work.

Question 5

Energy Conservation

Answer 5

Saving energy in ways such as using energy-efficient devices and wasting less energy.

Question 6

Mineral

Answer 6

A naturally occurring, usually inorganic solid that has a characteristic chemical composition, an orderly internal structure, and a characteristic set of physical properties.

Question 7

Ore Mineral

Answer 7

Minerals that are valuable and economical to extract.

Question 8

Subsurface Mining

Answer 8

Method by which are deposits that are usually found 50 m or more beneath Earth’s surface are mined.

Question 9

Surface Mining

Answer 9

The methods that are used when are deposits are located close to Earth’s surface.

Question 10

Place Deposit

Answer 10

Surface-deposits where the minerals from rocks disintegrated by weather are concentrated by wind and water.

Question 11

Smelting

Answer 11

A process where crushed ore is melted at high temperatures in furnaces to separate impurities from molten metal.

Question 12

Slag

Answer 12

The layer of flux and impurities, which are less dense, formed on top of the molten metal during smelting.

Question 13

Reclamation

Answer 13

The process of returning land to its original or better condition after mining is completed.

Question 14

Fossil Fuels

Answer 14

The remains of ancient organisms that changed into coal, oil, or natural gas.

Question 15

Electric Generator

Answer 15

A machine that converts mechanical energy, or motion, into electrical energy.

Question 16

Petroleum

Answer 16

Oil that is pumped from the ground, also known as crude oil.

Question 17

Oil Reserves

Answer 17

Oil deposits that can be extracted profitably at current prices using current technology.

Question 18

Nuclear Energy

Answer 18

The energy within the nucleus of an atom which nuclear power plants get their power from.

Question 19

Nuclear Fission

Answer 19

A process where the collisions of atoms cause the nuclei to split when bombarded with atomic particles.

Question 20

Nuclear Fusion

Answer 20

When lightweight atomic nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus and release tremendous amounts of energy.

Question 21

Renewable Energy

Answer 21

Energy from sources that are constantly being formed.

Question 22

Passive Solar Heating

Answer 22

The use of the sun’s energy to heat something directly.

Question 23

Active Solar Heating

Answer 23

Technology that gathers energy from the sun through collectors to use to heat water or to heat a building.

Question 24

Biomass Fuel

Answer 24

Plant material, manure, and other inorganic matter that is used as an energy source.

Question 25

Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC)

Answer 25

Technology such as the experimental power station off the shores of Hawaii which use temperature difference between the surface at the ocean, which is wormed by solar energy, and deep ocean waters to generate electricity.

Question 26

Fuel Cell

Answer 26

Produces electricity chemically by combing hydrogen fuel with oxygen from the air like a battery.

Question 27

Subsidence

Answer 27

The sinking of regions of the ground with little or no horizontal movement.