chapter 15 vocab

Question 1

restriction enzymes

Answer 1

cuts DNA into smaller pieces

Question 2

gel electrophoresis

Answer 2

identifies the sequence of bases DNA

Question 3

selective breeding

Answer 3

allowing only animals with desired characteristics to breed

Question 4

hybirdization

Answer 4

crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together the best of both organisms

Question 5

inbreeding

Answer 5

the continued breeding of individuals with smaller characteristics

Question 6

polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Answer 6

technique used to make many copies of a target gene

Question 7

Recombinant DNA

Answer 7

DNA from 2 or more sources

Question 8

Transformation

Answer 8

a process by which foreign genetic material is taken up by a cell.

Question 9

Plasmid

Answer 9

a small circular piece of DNA found in bacteria

Question 10

Genetic marker

Answer 10

a gene that makes it possible to distinguish bacteria that carry the plasmid

Question 11

transgenic organisms

Answer 11

organisms that contain genes from other species

Question 12

clone

Answer 12

a member of a population made of genetically identical cells produced from a single cell

Question 13

gene therapy

Answer 13

the process of changing a gene to treat a medical disease or disorder