Chapter 15 Test Flashcards
A well supported explanation of phenomena that have occurred in the natural world is a?
Theory
True/False
Charles Darwin contributed more to our understanding of evolution than anyone else.
True
True/False
Darwin was looking for a scientific explanation for the diversity of life on Earth.
True
Observations that Darwin made.
An enormous number of species inhabit Earth.
Some species that lived in the past no longer live on Earth.
The preserved remains of ancient organisms are called?
Fossil
As Darwin studied fossils, what new questions arose?
He wondered why so many species had disappeared and how they were related to living species.
How did Darwin explain the differences in she’ll sharp of tortoises from hood island and Isabela island?
Darwin thought that hood island tortoises had curved shells to allow them to reach the sparse vegetables on their island isabela island tortoises had some shaped shells because vegetation on their island was more abundant.
What did Darwin think about on his journey hime to England?
Darwin thought that the characteristics of many animals and plants varied noticeably among the different island of the Galapagos
After he returned to England, what hypothesis did Darwin develop to explain his findings?
These separate species would have evolved from an original ancestor species after becoming isolated from one another
Two scientist who helped Darwin and others recognize how old earth is
James Hutton and Charles Lyell
What is true about lyells work?
His work explained how awesome geological features could be built up or torn down over long periods of time.
His publications helped Darwin appreciate the significance of the geological phenomena that he had observed.
He stressed the scientists must explain past events in terms of processes that they can actually observe.
In what two ways did an understanding of geology influence Darwin?
Knowing that earth could change over time helped Darwin believe that life might change as well, knowing that earth was very old assured Darwin that there had been enough time for life to change.
True/False
Lamarck was among the first scientists to recognize that living things have changed over time.
True
True/False
Lamarck proposed that all organisms have an innate tendency toward complexity and perfection.
True
How did Lamarck pave the way for the work of later biologists?
Lamarck was one of the first to develop scientific hypothesis of evolution and to realize that organisms are adapted to their environment.
What is true about Thomas Malthus?
He was an important influence on Darwin.
He believed that war, famine, and disease limit the growth of populations.
True/False
When Adrian returned to England, he rushed to publish his thoughts about evolution.
False
The naturalist whose essay gave Darwin an incentive to publish his own work
Alfred Russell Wallace
What is true about darwins book, on the origin of species?
It contained evidence for evolution.
It described natural selection.
Differences among individuals of a species are referred to as
Variation
True/False
Genetic variation is found only in Wild organisms in nature.
False
What is true about artificial selection
It is also called selective breeding.
It occurs when humans select natural variations they find useful.
It produces organisms that look very different from their ancestors .
What was darwins greatest contribution?
Developing a scientific hypothesis to explain how evolution occurs.
What does the phrase struggle for existence mean?
It means that members of a species compete regularly, to obtain food, living space, and other necessities of life.
