CHAPTER 15 PRODUCTION SYSTE,S FOR GLOBAL BUSINESS Flashcards
The _____ _______ is the means by which a company changes raw materials into finished goods.
production process
FLOWCHART OF PRODUCTION PROCESS
Resources (natural, human, capital), Transformation (machines, process, facility), & Goods and Services
are the people and things a company uses to produce a good or service.
Resources
____ _____come from the air, water, or earth. These basic elements can be used to create goods. The fishing banks off the shores of Mauritania and the diamonds of Angola are examples of natural resources.
Natural resources
The _____ ______ of a country are its people
and their physical and intellectual abilities
human resources
are the funds and materials necessary to produce a good or service.
Capital resources
is the use of resources to create a good or service. A resource may be transformed by a machine (tractor, sewing machine, or computer), by a process (statistical analysis or teaching), or through a facility (colleges, restaurants, or health clinics).
Transformation
The final stage of the production process is the output of the ___ ____ _____ that have been created by the transformation activities. These _____ are now ready to enter the market as finished products for the consumer.
goods and services
Is the process of designing and managing a production system. The goal of ___ ____ is to produce a good or service at the lowest possible cost while maintaining the highest possible quality
operations management
is the method used to determine how much of a product to produce. Often that decision is based on the company’s previous sales.
Forecasting
is the time frame for producing a good or service. Operations managers consider the availability of raw materials, human resources, and facilities needed for production when they create schedules.
Scheduling
A method of monitoring the amount of raw materials
and completed goods on hand is called
inventory control
This method ties a manufacturer closely to a material supplier so that the raw materials are provided only when the production process needs them.
just-in-time (JIT)
method involves using human hands and bodies as the means of transforming resources into goods and services.
manual production
systems, machines perform the work. A machine
offers some advantages to production. The equipment performs tasks quickly
and precisely and does not get bored by repetition.
automated production systems
use computers to control machines and
perform work in the production process. The automated factory is designed to use the latest computer technology to increase productivity.
computerized production system
The method of using computers to run production equipment is called. Examples are computerized assembly lines, drills, and milling machines.
computer-assisted manufacturing
(CAM)
uses sophisticated computers that allow a designer to develop a very detailed design and
key it to the CAM equipment specifications.
Computer-aided design (CAD)
The name for the technology connected with the design, construction, and operation of robots is called
robotics
Similar to the automated factory, the _____ ______ relies on computers, software, and robotics to perform stock, inventory, order, and delivery tasks. Computers store large databases of inventory information.
automated warehouses
computers guide the entire manufacturing process. Production is completely controlled by computer integration—from product design through
processing, assembling, testing, and packaging.
computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) p
refers to the amount of work that is accomplished in a unit of
time.
Productivity
the workflow is distributed as needed throughout the production cycle. The company distributes the work to all points of the manufacturing process according to output demands.
synchronized manufacturing
To evaluate the quality of their output, companies use a method called ______ ______, which is the process of measuring goods and services against a product standard.
quality control
The Japanese created an approach to
quality control called_____ _____ ______. This approach requires every employee, not just the inspectors,
to take responsibility for high-quality production.
total quality control (TQC)
A _____ ______ consists of a small group of employees who have different jobs within the same
company but have the same goal of producing a quality good or service.
quality circle
Companies using ____ _____combine services with a product to better serve consumers.
tailored logistics
