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Semester 3 Peripheral Vascular Technology > Chapter 15 Preoperative Mapping > Flashcards

Chapter 15 Preoperative Mapping Flashcards

Week 1

1
Q

What is the purpose of preoperative mapping?

A

to identify anatomy and perfusion for surgical repairs

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2
Q

What Vessels are mapped?

A
  1. Epigastric Artery
    Deep Superior
    Deep Inferior
  2. Internal Mammary Artery
  3. Radial Artery
  4. Great Saphenous Vein
  5. Small Saphenous Vein
  6. Cephalic Vein
  7. Basilic Vein
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3
Q

What are we looking for when using duplex ultrasound?

A
  1. Patency
  2. Vein Wall compressibility
  3. Depth throughout
  4. Diameter throughout
  5. Length throughout
  6. continuity
  7. Abnormalities
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4
Q

What kind of abnormalities are we looking for during a vein map?

A
  1. Focal velocity elevations
  2. Calcifications
    3 Thrombus
  3. Atherosclerosis
  4. Wall thickening
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5
Q

Where does the Deep superior epigastric artery arise from?

A

The terminal internal mammary artery branch

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6
Q

Where does the Deep inferior epigastric artery arise from?

A

the External Iliac Artery ( EIA) in lower abdomen)

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7
Q

Where do the branches of the DIEA and the DSEA anastomose?

A

in the “watershed” area of the abdomen.
midway between the DSEA and the DIEA

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8
Q

What do the DSEA and the DIEA contribute to?

A

the rectus abdominis muscle

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9
Q

When the rectus abdominis muscle is utilized during surgery what is it then called?

A

Transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAP) flap

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10
Q

What are the purposes of Epigastric Artery mapping?

A
  1. to identify the location and patency of epigastric arteries and perforators
  2. to identify perfusion of the rectus abdominis.
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11
Q

What is another name for the Internal mammary artery?

A

Internal thoracic artery

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12
Q

Where does the Internal mammary artery arise from?

A

the subclavian artery, descending 1 cm posteriorly, 1 cm from the sternum

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13
Q

Why do we map the Internal mammary artery?

A

to determine the suitability for TRAM flap anastomosis for breast reconstruction and coronary bypass graft.

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14
Q

How big should the internal mammary artery be to be able to harvest?

A

2 mm in diameter

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15
Q

What is a normal flow in the internal mammary artery?

A

Low resistant flow

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16
Q

Where does the Radial artery originate from?

A

originates from the brachial artery
travels laterally into the hand.
terminates in the deep palmar arch.

17
Q

What is the purpose of mapping the radial artery?

A

Determines suitability of radial artery as a graft for coronary artery bypass & dialysis access ( inflow artery).

18
Q

What does the Modified Allen Test check for?

A

Patency of the palmer arch.

19
Q

What is an adequate diameter to harvest the radial artery?

A

> 2.0mm

20
Q

What are the purposes of vein mapping in the extremities?

A
  1. determines suitability for use as a graft for coronary arteries and dialysis access sites.
21
Q

What is different about the basilic vein?

A

usually branches at the elbow making it difficult to follow more distally.

22
Q

What are normal findings for mapping?

A
  1. complete vein wall compressibility
  2. no evidence of thrombosis
  3. 2-3 mm diameter
23
Q

What are some limitations of Vein mapping?

A
  1. Depth
  2. Scarring
  3. Effects of radiation treatment
24
Q

Which of the following is not a vessel that is normally mapped?

A

the ulnar artery

25
Q

What do the epigastric arteries feed?

A

the rectus abdominis muscle

26
Q

What are perforators?

A

vessels that perforate muscle fascia and connect superficial and deep vessels

27
Q

What is the purpose of the mammary artery with breast reconstruction?

A

it is used to anast the tram flap to a connecting artery

28
Q

When is the rectus abdominis muscle called a tram flap?

A

when it is being used surgically

29
Q

When measuring the diameter of a vessel during vessel mapping, how do you acquire the measurements?

A

you measure using the walls that are perpendicular to the sound beam.

30
Q

Which is the terminal branch of the internal mammary artery?

A

the superior epigastric artery

31
Q

How deep are the epigastric arteries usually?

A

3-4 cm

32
Q

When observing the epigastric arteries, we are checking for rectus abdominis perfusion and patent perforators; about what size are the perforators that we are lookin for?

A

> 1mm

33
Q

Where is the internal mammary artery located?

A

1 cm from the sternum.

34
Q

What is the resistance of the internal mammary artery flow under normal conditions?

A

Low resistant

35
Q
A

Semester 3 Peripheral Vascular Technology (5 decks)

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