Chapter 15: Politics and Civil Rights Flashcards
Civil Rights refers to requiring governments to treat
Similarity situated individuals the same by not arbitrarily discriminating against groups of people
The 13th Amendment (1865)
Prohibited slavery
The 14th Amendment (1868)
Provided citizenship to Blacks
The 15th Amendment (1870)
Provided black men the right to vote
The U.S Supreme Court ruled Scott was
Not afforded the rights and the protection of U.S Constitution regardless of whether or not he temporarily lived in the free state of Wisconsin
The decision affirmed
The practice of slavery
Plessy V. Ferguson (1896): Despite the 14th Amendment, the U.S Supreme Court upheld state laws requiring
Racial segregation, as long as the accommodations were equal and this, created the “Separate but equal” doctrine
Plessy V. Ferguson resulted in
Racially segregated facilities that were, in practice, unequal in their accommodations
Brown v. Board of Education (1954): The U.S Supreme Court ruled the
Separate but equal doctrine as applied in public schools is unconstitutional and this case overruled “Plessy V. Ferguson”
The Supreme Court based its ruling in the Brown case on
The Fourteenth Amendment
Supreme Court’s order to desegregate “with all deliberate speed” was met with
Massive resistance in the South
The Brown decision led to
Other rulings against other formed of segregations
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibited discrimination in public accommodations based on
Race, color, religion, or national origin
Latin Americans & Education: In 1982, the U.S Supreme Court ruled
The children of illegal immigrant have a constitutional right to attend public school
The Equal Pay Act (1963) requires equal pay to be given for
Equal work in the same establishment
It is job content, not the title, that determines whether the jobs are
Substantially equal
Title 7 of the Civil Rights Act of 1964:
Prohibits compensation discrimination on the basis of gender and other categories
The Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act (2009): Amends the Civil Rights Act of 1964, stating that
The 180 days statute of limitation for filing an equal pay lawsuit regarding pay discrimination resets with each new discriminatory paycheck
Despite federal laws prohibiting gender discrimination regarding pay,
Women continue to earn, on average, 85% of what men do
The earning gap is primarily due to
The division in the labor market between traditionally male and female jobs, with lower salaries paid in traditional female occupations
Comparable worth
The argument that pay levels for traditionally male and female jobs should be equalized by paying equally all jobs, that are “worth about the same” to an employer
The glass ceiling
Invisible barriers to women rising to the highest position in corporations and the professions
20% of the nation’s presidents and directors of the 500 largest corporations are
Women
When hiring to senior management levels in corporations, competence is
Assumed and what is looked for is whether this person will fit in, whether the others can get along with the applicant, and whether this is someone the others can trust.
Obergefell v. Hodges: In 2015, the U.S Supreme Court found:
1) Same-sex couples have the right to marry under 14th Amendment’s Due Process and Equal Protection Clause
2) The Supreme Court ruled states must recognize same-sex marriages from other states under the “Full Faith and Credit Clause.”
