Chapter 15: Politics and Civil Rights

Question 1

Civil Rights refers to requiring governments to treat

Answer 1

Similarity situated individuals the same by not arbitrarily discriminating against groups of people

Question 2

The 13th Amendment (1865)

Answer 2

Prohibited slavery

Question 3

The 14th Amendment (1868)

Answer 3

Provided citizenship to Blacks

Question 4

The 15th Amendment (1870)

Answer 4

Provided black men the right to vote

Question 5

The U.S Supreme Court ruled Scott was

Answer 5

Not afforded the rights and the protection of U.S Constitution regardless of whether or not he temporarily lived in the free state of Wisconsin

Question 6

The decision affirmed

Answer 6

The practice of slavery

Question 7

Plessy V. Ferguson (1896): Despite the 14th Amendment, the U.S Supreme Court upheld state laws requiring

Answer 7

Racial segregation, as long as the accommodations were equal and this, created the “Separate but equal” doctrine

Question 8

Plessy V. Ferguson resulted in

Answer 8

Racially segregated facilities that were, in practice, unequal in their accommodations

Question 9

Brown v. Board of Education (1954): The U.S Supreme Court ruled the

Answer 9

Separate but equal doctrine as applied in public schools is unconstitutional and this case overruled “Plessy V. Ferguson”

Question 10

The Supreme Court based its ruling in the Brown case on

Answer 10

The Fourteenth Amendment

Question 11

Supreme Court’s order to desegregate “with all deliberate speed” was met with

Answer 11

Massive resistance in the South

Question 12

The Brown decision led to

Answer 12

Other rulings against other formed of segregations

Question 13

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibited discrimination in public accommodations based on

Answer 13

Race, color, religion, or national origin

Question 14

Latin Americans & Education: In 1982, the U.S Supreme Court ruled

Answer 14

The children of illegal immigrant have a constitutional right to attend public school

Question 15

The Equal Pay Act (1963) requires equal pay to be given for

Answer 15

Equal work in the same establishment

Question 16

It is job content, not the title, that determines whether the jobs are

Answer 16

Substantially equal

Question 17

Title 7 of the Civil Rights Act of 1964:

Answer 17

Prohibits compensation discrimination on the basis of gender and other categories

Question 18

The Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act (2009): Amends the Civil Rights Act of 1964, stating that

Answer 18

The 180 days statute of limitation for filing an equal pay lawsuit regarding pay discrimination resets with each new discriminatory paycheck

Question 19

Despite federal laws prohibiting gender discrimination regarding pay,

Answer 19

Women continue to earn, on average, 85% of what men do

Question 20

The earning gap is primarily due to

Answer 20

The division in the labor market between traditionally male and female jobs, with lower salaries paid in traditional female occupations

Question 21

Comparable worth

Answer 21

The argument that pay levels for traditionally male and female jobs should be equalized by paying equally all jobs, that are “worth about the same” to an employer

Question 22

The glass ceiling

Answer 22

Invisible barriers to women rising to the highest position in corporations and the professions

Question 23

20% of the nation’s presidents and directors of the 500 largest corporations are

Answer 23

Women

Question 24

When hiring to senior management levels in corporations, competence is

Answer 24

Assumed and what is looked for is whether this person will fit in, whether the others can get along with the applicant, and whether this is someone the others can trust.

Question 25

Obergefell v. Hodges: In 2015, the U.S Supreme Court found:

Answer 25

1) Same-sex couples have the right to marry under 14th Amendment’s Due Process and Equal Protection Clause
2) The Supreme Court ruled states must recognize same-sex marriages from other states under the “Full Faith and Credit Clause.”